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目的了解北京市助产机构产科床位资源现状,为政府出台应对生育高峰的决策提供依据。方法通过统一问卷对北京市所有助产机构进行现况调查,同时收集2013年10月、11月及2014年10月、11月所有机构产科住院病历相关数据。结果北京市活产数呈逐年上升趋势,2014年全年达248 814人,各级助产机构床位数也呈增加趋势,但床位增加比例不能满足活产增加比例。相比2013年,除外一级机构病床周转次数略有降低外,各级助产机构无论产科病床周转次数还是病床周转率均有所增加,二三级助产机构产科病床周转次数分别达61.28、86.67,病床周转率分别达到88.85%、108.83%;相比2013年,病床效率指数除一级机构无变化外,各级助产机构均有增加,二三级助产机构分别为2.72、5.55。2015年每千活产拥有产科床位数相比2013年,除一级机构外均有不同程度降低,目前三级机构数值最低,为15.23张;除一级机构外,各级助产机构每床活产数均较2013年有所增加,三级机构增加最多,每床活产数增加5人,现为66人/张;三级、二级、一级、营利性机构产科床位供需比值分别为:0.80、1.03、7.51、2.56。结论北京市产科床位配置不足,二三级助产机构产科床位处于高效运行阶段,一级及营利性助产机构产科床位还有使用空间。
Objective To understand the status quo of maternity bed resources in midwifery in Beijing and provide the basis for the government’s decision to deal with the fertility peak. Methods A questionnaire was used to survey the current situation of all midwifery institutions in Beijing and collect all relevant data of obstetrics and gynecology in October and November of 2013 and October and November of 2014 in all institutions. Results The live births in Beijing showed an upward trend year by year, reaching 248 814 in 2014. The number of beds in all levels of midwifery also increased. However, the increase in the number of beds could not meet the proportion of live births. Compared with 2013, except the number of hospital bed turnover slightly decreased, the midwifery institutions at all levels regardless of maternity beds turnover or bed turnover rate has increased, the second and third level midwifery institutions maternity bed turnover were 61.28, 86.67, respectively. The turnover rate of hospital beds reached 88.85% and 108.83% respectively. Compared with 2013, the hospital bed efficiency index showed no change except that of the first-level institutions. The number of midwifery institutions increased at all levels, and the second and third-level midwifery institutions were 2.72 and 5.55 respectively. Compared with 2013, the number of obstetric beds per 1000 live births decreased to a lesser degree than that of 2013. At present, the lowest level of tertiary institutes is 15.23. Except for primary institutes, each level of midwifery institutions The number of live births increased compared with that of 2013, the number of tertiary institutes increased by a maximum of 5 and the number of live births per bed increased by 66. The ratio of the supply and demand of obstetric beds in third, second and first-tier for-profit institutions was As follows: 0.80, 1.03, 7.51, 2.56. Conclusion The maternity beds in Beijing are not fully equipped. The maternity beds in the second and third levels of midwifery are in an efficient operation stage. There is still room for maternity beds in first-class and for-profit midwifery.