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目的:了解0～5岁婴幼儿体内锌铁钙镁铜5种微量元素的含量,探讨其缺乏情况,并提出预防措施。方法:用五元素原子吸收光谱检测法,对1 506例婴幼儿进行末梢血微量元素的检测。结果:0～5岁各年龄组,缺铁占首位,平均36.6%;缺锌平均占32.4%;缺钙平均为27.3%。在不同年龄组各元素组合缺乏率中,铁+锌缺乏率最高占21.5%,其次为锌+钙占16.7。各年龄组的元素含量均值也明显偏低,接近正常评价标准的下限水平。镁和铜元素的含量与正常评价标准没有显著差异。结论:宣传科学的育儿知识,对儿童微量元素应及时检测,制定调节措施,做到营养均衡,合理膳食,发挥儿保医务人员的指导作用,确保婴幼儿的健康成长。
Objective: To understand the content of five kinds of trace elements of zinc, iron, calcium, magnesium and copper in 0 ~ 5 years old infants and young children, discuss its deficiency, and put forward preventive measures. Methods: The trace elements in peripheral blood of 1 506 infants were detected by five-element atomic absorption spectrometry. Results: In all age groups from 0 to 5 years, iron deficiency accounted for the first place with an average of 36.6%. Zinc deficiency accounted for 32.4% on average. Calcium deficiency was 27.3% on average. Among the different combinations of elements in different age groups, the highest rate of iron + zinc deficiency accounted for 21.5%, followed by zinc + calcium accounted for 16.7. The average elemental content of all age groups is also significantly lower, close to the lower limit of normal evaluation criteria. The contents of magnesium and copper did not differ significantly from the normal evaluation criteria. Conclusion: To promote scientific child-rearing knowledge, trace elements in children should be promptly tested, and regulatory measures should be formulated to achieve balanced nutrition and reasonable diet to give play to the guiding role of child-care workers to ensure the healthy growth of infants and young children.