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民用煤是指作为一次能源直接用于人民生活的煤炭,是当前我国城镇居民生活能源的主体。相对生产用煤而言,民用煤主要包括家庭和集体的炊事、供热用煤,饮食服务业和生活服务业用煤。民用煤量大、面广,目前我国80%左右的城镇居民和15%左右的农民以煤炭为燃料做饭、采暖。1982年全国民用煤消耗量大约是1.5亿吨,占我国煤炭总产量的1/4,比任何一个工业部门的耗煤量都多。因此,做好民用煤的管理工作,是关系到国计民生的一件大事。一、我国民用煤的基本状况
Civil coal refers to the coal that is directly used as primary energy for people’s lives, and is the main body of energy for urban residents in China. Relative to production coal, civilian coal mainly includes household and collective cooking, heating coal, catering services and life service coal. The amount of civilian coal is large and wide. At present, about 80% of urban residents in China and about 15% of farmers use coal as fuel for cooking and heating. In 1982, the national civilian coal consumption was about 150 million tons, accounting for 1/4 of China’s total coal output, and more than any coal consumption in any industrial sector. Therefore, doing a good job in the management of civilian coal is a major issue that affects the national economy and people’s livelihood. I. The basic situation of China’s civil coal