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政府举债涉及当代人与后代人之间利益与负担的分配,在后代人无法参与决策的情况下,这种分配方式很可能是强制性的,容易引起代际间的冲突,而冲突最激烈的表现形式就是后代人拒绝承担债务。使政府举债受正义原则的约束,是避免此类冲突的必要条件。公正的政府举债须兼顾“公平对待当代人”与“保障后代人的自由”。为此,除了共同符合“几代人受益”和“公平债务”原则之外,经营性公共事业政府举债须符合“经营性收入优先偿债”、“可持续发展”、“本届政府购买或有债务保险”等原则;公益性公共事业政府举债则须符合“不可或缺性”和“合作必要性”等原则。
Government debt involves the distribution of interests and burdens between the present and future generations. Under the circumstance that future generations can not participate in the decision-making, this kind of distribution is likely to be mandatory, which can easily lead to intergenerational conflicts with the strongest conflicts The manifestation is that future generations refuse to take on debt. It is necessary for government to keep its debt secured by the principle of justice as a necessary condition for avoiding such conflicts. An impartial government debt-taking must take into consideration the principle of “treating the present generation fairly” and “guaranteeing the freedom of future generations”. To this end, in addition to jointly meeting the principle of “benefiting generations of people” and “fair debt”, the government-run public utility government should meet the “operating debt repayment priority” and “sustainable development ”,“ The current government to buy or have debt insurance ”and other principles; public utility government debt must comply with “ indispensable ”and “ cooperation needs ”and other principles.