作者报告了气胸11例及纵隔气肿3例的临床观察。气胸患者的年龄是从初生到5岁,多为新生儿及乳儿。其原发疾病以肺炎为最多,其次是特发性呼吸窘迫综合征(IRDS)、新生儿假死、肺大泡症、低出生体重儿及腺窝性扁桃腺炎。出现气胸的时间多在从原发疾病发病到一周以内。作者认为气胸的主要原因与肺 The authors reported the clinical observation of 11 cases of pneumothorax and 3 cases of mediastinal emphysema. Patients with pneumothorax are from birth to 5 years of age, mostly newborns and infants. Pneumonia was the most common primary disease, followed by idiopathic respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), neonatal suspended animation, bullous bullosa, low birth weight infants and crypt gland tonsillitis. Pneumothorax appears more than the onset of primary disease within a week. The authors believe that the main reason for pneumothorax and lung