杭州某鞋厂工人赵女士,有一天出现头晕咳嗽,为了图方便去一家个体诊所看病。医生诊断她患有“支气管炎”,给她开了大量丁胺卡那霉素,用药二周后她虽然不咳嗽了,但身体越来越虚弱。在家属的陪同下到了大医院,医生给她进行尿液检查和肾功能检查,发现她的肾脏功能受到较严重的损害。追问病史,张某曾患过慢性肾炎,近来常出现下肢轻度浮肿。由此可见,张某用药前已有肾功能不全,肌注卡那霉素又进一步损害了肾功能。赵女士大吃一惊:“为什么小小的感冒会引起肾脏损害?” Ms. Zhao, a shoe factory workers in Hangzhou, one day dizziness and cough, in order to facilitate the visit to an individual clinic. The doctor diagnosed her suffering from “bronchitis”, gave her a large amount of amikacin, and although she did not cough after two weeks of treatment, her body became weaker and weaker. Accompanied by their families to a large hospital, the doctor gave her a urine test and renal function tests found that her kidney function was more severely damaged. Asked the medical history, Zhang had had chronic nephritis, lower limbs often appear recently mild edema. Thus, Zhang pre-existing renal insufficiency, intramuscular injection of kanamycin and further damage to renal function. Zhao surprised: "Why does a small cold can cause kidney damage?