海洋对于人类的生存与发展有着极大的重要性。它是当今地球上尚未充分开发利用的最大领域,在解决人类面临的人口、资源、环境等三大难题方面发挥越来越大的作用和影响。自本世纪60年代以来,世界各国先后开始大规模向海洋进军,迄今海洋开发利用已取得令人鼓舞的进展。现在国外已普遍认为:21世纪的世界海洋开发将进入一个新时期。 The ocean is of great importance to the survival and development of mankind. It is the biggest area on the planet that has not yet been fully exploited and utilized. It plays an increasingly important role in solving the three major challenges facing humanity such as population, resources and the environment. Since the 1960s, various countries in the world have begun to march into the oceans on a large scale. To date, encouraging progress has been made in ocean exploitation and utilization. It is now generally accepted by foreign countries that the development of the world’s oceans in the 21st century will enter a new period.