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1. 【原句】What kind of movies do you like? 你喜欢看什么样的电影?
【解析】这是询问种类的特殊疑问句,回答时要根据实际情况来回答,不用yes/no回答。kind是名词“种类”, a kind of…一种……,all kinds of…各种各样的……。如:
This kind of book is very interesting. 这种书非常有趣。
There are all kinds of toys at the exhibition.
展览会上有各种各样的玩具。
另外①kind还可作形容词,意为“仁慈的、和蔼的、好的、友好的”,be kind to sb.表示“对某人友好、亲切”。如:
She is very kind to us. 她对我们很友好。
It’s kind of you to do sth. 表示“谢谢你做某事”。如:
It’s kind of you to help us. 非常感谢你帮助我们。
②kind of 意思是“有点儿、有几分”,是副词性短语,相当于a little或a bit,多用于修饰形容词、副词的原级,是一个固定短语,不能变形。如:
We feel kind of cold here in the room.
在这房间里,我们感觉有点冷。
2. 【原句】June really likes action movies. 琼真地喜欢动作片。
【解析】本句中really是副词,意思是“真正地、确实”,用来修饰形容词、动词作状语,一般放在形容词、动词的前面,而real是形容词,指人或物客观存在,而不是想象或幻觉的东西。意思是“真的、真正的、正宗的”,real与“假冒”相对,在句中修饰名词作定语或单独作表语。如:
It is really hot today. 今天真热。
I really like the girl. 我真地喜欢这个女孩。
His real name is Shen Yang. 他的真名叫沈阳。
I’m not really interested in fishing. 我不是真正对钓鱼感兴趣。
I really hate him. 我非常恨他。
3. 【原句】My favorite actor is Paul Jackson.
我最喜欢的演员是保罗•杰克逊。
【解析】本句是“one’s favorite+名词”为主语,意为“某人最喜欢的……”,
其中one’s起限定作用,常用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词。如:
This is my favorite book. 这是我最爱读的书。
Oranges are my favorite fruit. 柑橘是我最喜爱的水果。
Who is your favorite teacher?谁是你最喜欢的老师?
另外,What’s one’s favorite…?常用来询问某人的喜好,该句型可与What does/do sb. like best?替换。如:
What’s Tom’s favorite sport?=What sport does Tom like best?
汤姆最喜欢什么运动?
4. 【原句】It’s a very successful thriller, but I think it’s boring.
这是部非常成功的恐怖片,但我认为很无聊。
【解析】本句中successful是形容词“成功的”,其名词形式为success(成功),副词形式为successfully(成功地),动词形式为succeed。如:
We are successful in our English study.=Our English study is successful.=We have a successful English study. 我们的英语学习非常成功。
Hard work is the key to success. 努力工作是成功的关键。
She is a very successful mother. 她是一位非常成功的母亲。
He finished the work successfully. 他成功地完成了这项工作。
“I think…”常用来发表说话人的观点或看法,后面常加宾语从句,即用一个句子作前面实义动词的宾语,我们就把这个句子称为宾语从句,及物动词think,know,say等常接宾语从句。如:I think she does well in singing.我认为她唱歌唱得好。在宾语从句中,当主句含有I/We think时,从句的否定意义应在主句上变化(即否定转移),一般疑问句也在主句上变化,从句无需变化。如:
I don’t think he can swim. 我认为他不会游泳。
Do you think I can work out the problem?
你认为我能算出这道题?
I don’t think they are right. 我认为他们是不对的。
5. 【原句】He often goes to see Beijing Opera on weekends.
他周末经常去看京剧。
【解析】on weekends“在每个周末”(周六和周日Saturday and Sunday),on the weekend意为“那个周末”,指说话双方都明白的、特定的那个周末;on weekdays指“在工作日、在平日”(指星期一至星期五from Monday to Friday)。weekend,weekday前若有this/that/next等介词on要省略。weekender指“过周末假期的人”。
6. 【原句】She thinks they are very exciting. 她认为它们很令人兴奋。
【解析】本句中exciting “令人兴奋/激动的”,它是由动词excite的现在分词演变的形容词,用于形容理智或感情方面影响他人的人或事,主动含义,主语可以是人,也可是物,在句中作表语或定语。如:
The news is exciting. 这消息激动人心。(作表语)
This is an exciting story. 这是一个动人的故事。(作定语)
7. 【原句】She often goes to see Beijing Opera with her father.
她经常和她爸爸一起去看京剧。
【解析】本句中with是介词“和……一起”。如:
Come with me. 跟我来。
He likes to live with his parents. 他喜欢和父母住在一起。
①with还表示“带有、有着”。如:
China is a country with a long history.
中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。
②with表示手段或方法,意思是“以……、用……”。如:
The boy likes to eat with a spoon. 这个男孩喜欢用勺子吃饭。
She is writing with a pen. 她用钢笔写字。
③with表示“随身携带”。如:
Have you some money with you? 你(身上)带钱了吗?
Please take an umbrella with you. 请随身带把伞去。
④with表示某物具有某种性质/状态。如:
He has a coat with four pockets. 他有一件四个口袋的外衣。
I have a book with a blue cover. 我有一本蓝色封面的书。
⑤with说明名词, 表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质“具有、带有、加上、包括……在内”。如:
He doesn’t like tea with sugar. 他不喜欢加糖的茶水。
⑥with表示“对于、 关于” 。如:
They are friendly with us. 他们和我们关系很好。
⑦with后面加复合宾语, 表示伴随关系。如:
He walks with a stick in his hand. 他手拿拐棍走路。
跟踪训练:
1. This kind ____ apple is very big.
A. in B. at C. of D. on
2. He likes thrillers. (对划线部分提问)
____ ____ ____ movies ____ he like?
3. 用real, really填空
①It is a ____ gold watch. (金表)
②The children ____ enjoy picking apples.
③Let’s give him some ____ English food to eat.
4. What’s his favorite book? (改为同义句)
____ book ____ he ____ ____?
5. 根据答语写出问句
——____
——Her favorite subject is math.
6. Rush Hour is a ____(success) action movie. (词性填空)
7. I think they are clever. (变为否定句)
I ____ ____ they ____ clever.
8. I don’t work on the weekend. (找出划线部分的替换词)
A. Saturday and Sunday B. Saturday or Sunday
C. Saturday D. from Monday to Friday
9. (词性填空)It was an ____(excite) novel(小说).
10. 改错:I can help kids on swimming.
(十单元)
⒈ 【原句】Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉他吗?
【解析】这是一个由情态动词can引导的一般疑问句。can表示能力,意为“会、能”,无人称和数的变化,后接动词原形,可用来构成肯定、否定、疑问句,也可用于有把握的否定推测。如:
It’s Sunday today. Mr. Li can’t be in the office.
今天是星期天,李老师不可能在办公室。
I can’t sing English songs. 我不会唱英文歌曲。
本句中play是动词“演奏、弹奏”。 play作“弹、奏”乐器,乐器前须加定冠词the(erhu二胡除外)。如:play the piano弹钢琴, play the violin 拉小提琴。
play放在球类前不加冠词the。如: play football踢足球。 play还表示“玩、做”。如: play a game做游戏,作不及物动词“玩、耍”之意时,常跟 with连用。如: Don’t play with fire. 不要玩火。
句型:play sth. on+乐器,指用某乐器演奏某乐曲;play sth. for sb.=play sb. sth. 为某人播放……。如:
She plays old Chinese songs on the guitar.
她用吉他演奏了古老的中文歌曲。
Let me play some pieces of music for you.=Let me play you some pieces of music. 我为你放几首音乐听听吧。
⒉ 【原句】I want to join the art club. 我想加入艺术俱乐部。
【解析】本句中want to do sth.“想要做某事”。want 的常用句型还有want sth.“想要某物”,want sb. to do sth. “想让某人去干某事”。如:
I want some water. 我想要些水。
I want to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。
He wants me to help him with his English. 他想让我帮他学习英语。
本句中的join表示“参加、加入”,指加入某个组织或团体,成为其成员之一,后接名词/代词。如参军、入团、入党、加入俱乐部等。join in+某活动,相当于take part in。如:
He joined the army. 他参军了。
Everyone joined in the game. 每个人都参加了游戏。
When did he join the Party? 他何时入的党?
⒊ 【原句】What club do you want to join?你想参加什么俱乐部?
【解析】本句是“What+名词+一般疑问句”结构,这类特殊疑问句,回答时要根据实际情况来回答,不用yes/no回答。what作特殊疑问词,提问的对象很广泛,既可以问人或物的身份、名字、内容、性质和类别,也可以提问事物的目的、数量、价值等。如:
What sport do you like best?你最喜欢哪种体育运动?
What kind of food do you like?你喜欢哪种食物?
What class are you in?你在哪个班?
⒋ 【原句】Are you good with kids? 你和孩子们相处得好吗?
【解析】本句中be good with sb.意思是“和……相处得很好”,同义词组get along/on well with sb.。如:
He is good with his teacher. 他和他的老师相处得很好。
He gets on well with his boss. 他和他的老板相处得很好。
kid指“小孩(口语)”,相当于child,kids是复数,相当于children。如:
How are your wife and kids? 你夫人和孩子们都好吗?
⒌ 【原句】Can you help kids with swimming?你能帮助孩子们游泳吗?
【解析】本句中help sb. with sth. 意为“帮助某人做某事”,with后接名词/动名词(动词-ing形式),同义句型:
help sb.(to)do sth.,to在此处可以省略,也可以不省略。如:
Tom often helps me learn English.=Tom often helps me with my English. 汤姆经常帮我学英语。
另外,help的其他短语有:with the help of/with one’s help“在某人的帮助下”;can’t help doing“忍不住/禁不住干……”;help oneself to随便吃/喝……。如:
With the help of the boy, she passed the exam.
在这个男孩的帮助下她通过了考试。
I can’t help crying. 我忍不住哭了。
Help yourself to some fish. 请随便吃点鱼吧!
⒍ 【原句】Tom can play the guitar but he can’t play it very well.
汤姆会弹吉他,但是他弹得不是很好。
【解析】本句中well表示“好”,good也表示“好”,但well是副词,用来修饰动词,good是形容词,用来修饰名词。
well作形容词时,仅作表语“(身体)健康的,(事情)顺利的”。well的习惯用语: do well in在……做得好, get on well with sb.与某人相处得好。如:
I am very well. 我身体很好。well(adj.)
He speaks English well. 他英语说得很好。well(adv.)
good常用在be, taste, smell, sound等系动词之后。习惯用语: have a good time过得愉快,be good at擅长于,say a good word for sb.为某人说好话, be good for对……有益。如:
This cake smells good. 这蛋糕很好吃。
She is a good girl. 她是一位好女孩。
⒎ 【原句】What can your group do in the school show?
你们小组能在学校公演中表演什么节目?
【解析】school show“学校公演”,show作名词“演出、表演、节目”。如:
a flower show花展,TV show电视节目。
We visited an art show this morning.
今天上午我们参观了一个艺术展。
show作动词有下列用法
①show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看。如:
She showed us her new sweater.=She showed her new sweater to us.
她把她的新毛衣给我们看。
②show sb.+疑问代词/副词+不定式。如:
Please show me how to do it. 请示范一下怎样做。
③show sb. around 带领某人参观。如:
He showed the students around the factory. 他领着学生参观了工厂。
④show sb. the way to… 告知某人去……的路。
⒏ 【原句】May I know your name? 我可以知道你的名字吗?
【解析】这是询问对方姓名的特殊问句,May I…表达语气委婉客气,相当于May I have your name, please? Excuse me, may I know your name? What’s your name? Your name, please?等,以上所有问句的答语常用My name is…;I’m…; You can call me…;也可以直接回答姓名。如:
——May I have your name, please? 请问你叫什么名字?
——Jet. 杰特。
⒐ 【原句】Can you play the piano, the trumpet, the drums, or the guitar? 你会弹钢琴、吹喇叭、打鼓,还是会弹吉他?
【解析】本句是选择疑问句,构成形式是一般疑问句+or+备选部分,回答时一般不用Yes/No,要根据实际情况来回答。or连接两个并列成分,or前面的成分用升调,or后的用降调,若有三个或三个以上的并列成分,or连接最后两个,前面的并列成分用逗号隔开。如:
Is your friend a boy or a girl?你的朋友是个男孩还是女孩?
Can you play football, basketball or volleyball?
你会踢足球,打篮球,还是会打排球?
跟踪训练:
1. The little girl can’t ____.
A. play the piano B. play piano
C. play a piano D. play pianos
2. 翻译:请不要和那只小狗玩。
Please don’t ____ ____ the little dog.
3. 改错:I want joining the football club.
4. Tom wants to join a music club. (对划线部分提问)
____ ____ does Tom ____ to join?
5. The old man gets on well with the kids. (改为同义句)
The old man ____ ____ ____ the kids.
6. He often helps his mother do the housework. (改为同义句)
He often ____ his mother ____ the housework.
7. This song is ____, but he can’t sing it ____.
A. good, good B. well, good C. good, well D. good, OK
8. Please show me your photo. (改为同义句)
Please ____ your photo ____ ____.
9. What’s your name, please? (改为同义句)
_________________________________
10. Is this your pen?(用Tom改为选择疑问句)
Is this your pen ____ ____?
(十一单元)
1. 【原句】What time do you usually get up? 你通常几点起床?
【解析】本句是一个询问时间的特殊疑问句。
①特殊疑问句的构成是“特殊疑问词/词组(what time, what, when…等)+do/does+主语+谓语动词+其它?(当主语是第三人称单数时使用does,其余人称用助动词do)”,若句中有can/be/would/shall等词,就不必用助动词do/does。如:
When shall we play the game? 我们什么时间比赛?
②如果疑问词或词组在句中作主语,后面则直接跟谓语动词及其它成分。如:
Who likes meat? 谁喜欢吃肉?
③特殊疑问句不能用Yes/No来回答,一般根据实际情况用简洁形式的答语。如:
——How many students are there in your class? 你们班有多少学生?
——Forty.(There are forty students.) 四十个学生。
⒉ 【原句】What time does Alicia take a shower?
阿莉亚什么时候洗澡?
【解析】本句中take a shower=have a shower“淋浴、洗澡”。英语中经常用“take a+n.”表示做一次动作。如:
take a walk散步,take a rest休息一下,take a look看一看,take a trip旅行,take a bath洗澡, take a nap小睡一会儿(午觉),take a drive乘马车,take a seat坐下。如:
My father always takes a walk after supper.
爸爸总是在晚饭后散步。
⒊ 【原句】What a funny time to eat breakfast!
这个时间吃早饭多么有趣啊!
【解析】本句是由what引导的感叹句,其结构为①What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语。本句中time是不可数名词,但time当“一段时间”讲时,前面有形容词修饰,形容词前可加冠词。如:
Have a good time!祝你玩得愉快!
What a good student he is!他是多么好的一个学生啊!
What a tall man he is!他是多么高啊!
②What+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语。如:
What good news it is!多么好的消息啊!
What beautiful pictures they are!多么美丽的图画啊!
⒋ 【原句】Can you think what his job is?
你能想想他是干什么工作的吗?
【解析】本句是一个宾语从句,what his job is作think的宾语。连接代词who, which, what, whose和连接副词where, how, why可以引导宾语,这类宾语从句都要用陈述语序。如:
He asks where she works. 他问她在哪里工作。
I don’t know what time he leaves here.
我不知道他什么时候离开这儿。
5. 【原句】Thanks for your letter. 谢谢你的来信。
【解析】Thanks for…,相当于Thank you for…“因……而感谢”,for后可接名词或动名词,即Thank you for sth.=Thank you for doing sth.。如:
Thank you for your help.=Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮助我。
本句型还可表示为Thanks a lot/very much for…非常感谢……。如:
Thanks a lot for your invitation. 多谢你的邀请。
6. 【原句】Please write soon. 请尽快回信。
【解析】此句常用于书信的结尾,提示别人尽快写回信,write后接人用write to me“给我写信”,相当于write a letter to me。write to sb.“给某人写信”=write sb. a letter=write a letter to sb.=write sb.(口语)。如:
She often writes to her teacher. 她经常给她老师写信。
She writes to her parents once a week. 她每周给父母写一封信。
跟踪训练:
1. My aunt usually has lunch at 11:00. (就划线部分提问)
____ ____ ____ your aunt usually ____ lunch?
2. She takes a shower at 5:00. (改为同义句)
She ____ ____ ____ at 5:00.
3. She is a nice girl. (改为感叹句)
____ ____ nice girl ____ ____!
4. 翻译:他去上海找工作了。
He has gone to Shanghai ____ ____ ____ a job.
5. Do you know?Where does she work?(合并为宾语从句)
Do you know where ____ ____?
6. It is seven o’clock. (就划线部分提问)
____ ____ ____ ____?
7. 翻译:非常感谢你的好意。
____ ____ ____ for your kindness.
8. Please write a letter to Tom.(改为同义句)
Please ____ ____ Tom.
(十二单元)
⒈ 【原句】——Why do you like art? 你为什么喜欢艺术?
——Because it’s fun. 因为它很有趣。
【解析】because引导原因状语从句,表示直接的原因或理由,用来回答why的提问,表示因果关系。它引导的从句一般放在主句后面,若放在前面,具有强调的意味,也可以放在主句后面。如:
——Why do you like dogs? 你为什么喜欢狗?
——Because they’re friendly and intelligent.
因为它们既友好又聪明。
We had to stay at home because it rained.
因为下雨,我们不得不待在家里。
fun为抽象名词(不可数)“高兴、乐趣、有趣的人或事”,前无冠词,fun也可作形容词“有趣的、奇妙的”。常用词组:have a lot of fun玩得很开心,have fun doing sth.表示“做某事感到有乐趣、开心”,动词用-ing形式。如:
Swimming in the sea is great fun on holiday.
假日在海里游泳是极大的乐事。
The children often have a lot of fun in the zoo.
孩子们经常在动物园玩得很开心。
We have fun climbing the mountain. 我们去爬山很开心。
2. 【原句】Our teacher is very strict and I’m usually very tired after class. 我们的老师是很严格的,课后我常常很疲倦。
【解析】strict是形容词“严格的、严厉的”。当表示某人对其他人、包括自己本身严格要求时用 be strict with,当表示某人对某事或某物严格要求时用be strict in。如:
My father is very strict with me. 爸爸对我要求很严格。
Our headmaster is strict in everything.
我们的校长对每一件事情都要求严格。
He is strict in his work. 他对他的工作要求很严格.
⒊ 【原句】It’s Tuesday, November 11. 今天是11月11日,星期二。
【解析】本句是“What’s today?” (今天是×月×号,星期×)问句的回答,询问日期有“What’s the date today?”(今天是几号?)或“What day is it today?”(今天是星期几?)。如:
——What day is it today? 今天星期几?——It’s Sunday. 星期天。
——What’s the date today? 今天是几月几号?
——It’s September 10th. Teachers’ Day. 今天是九月十号,教师节。
——What’s today? 今天几月几号星期几?
——Today is Monday, September 1st. 今天是9月1号,星期一。
4. 【原句】I have math on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
我星期一、星期三和星期五上数学。
【解析】on Monday“在星期一”,on用于具体指某一天。如:on October 1st在10月1日,on that day在那一天;某天某段时间。如:on the morning of last Sunday 在上个星期天早上,on a cold winter morning在一个很冷的冬天的早上;纪念日。如:
on your birthday在你生日那天;节日,如: on Mother’s Day在母亲节。
5. 【原句】After class I have volleyball for two hours.
课后我练习两小时的排球。
【解析】本句中have表示“上、进行、学习”。如:
We have two classes in the afternoon. 下午我们上两节课。
for+一段时间,表示“经过……之久、计、达”,用来表示某个动作或状态持续多久,与for短语相连的动词必须是延续性动词,即所表示的动作能够持续的动词。如:work,stay,study…等;for不与非延续性即不能持续的动词连用。如:come, go, die等;对for+一段时间短语提问用how long,意思是“多长时间”。如:
They will stay in Shanghai for a year. 他们将在上海待一年。
——How long do you listen to music every day?
你每天听多长时间的音乐?
——I listen to it for two hours. 我听两小时。
跟踪训练:
1. He likes English because it’s interesting. (就划线部分提问)
____ ____ he ____ English?
2. 翻译:因为天天下雨,我们不得不待在家里。
We ____ ____ stay at home ____ it rains every day.
3. 翻译:老师必须严格要求他们的学生。
Teachers must ____ ____ ____ their students.
4. 翻译:妈妈对我的书法要求很严格。
Mother ____ ____ ____ my writing.
5. ——____? ——It’s Sunday.
A. What’s the date B. What time is it
C. What day is it today D. How much is it
6. His brother was born(出生) ____ the morning of May 5th.
A. in B. on C.for D. at
7. 改错:They usually play sports at two hours every day.
Key(6)
【解析】这是询问种类的特殊疑问句,回答时要根据实际情况来回答,不用yes/no回答。kind是名词“种类”, a kind of…一种……,all kinds of…各种各样的……。如:
This kind of book is very interesting. 这种书非常有趣。
There are all kinds of toys at the exhibition.
展览会上有各种各样的玩具。
另外①kind还可作形容词,意为“仁慈的、和蔼的、好的、友好的”,be kind to sb.表示“对某人友好、亲切”。如:
She is very kind to us. 她对我们很友好。
It’s kind of you to do sth. 表示“谢谢你做某事”。如:
It’s kind of you to help us. 非常感谢你帮助我们。
②kind of 意思是“有点儿、有几分”,是副词性短语,相当于a little或a bit,多用于修饰形容词、副词的原级,是一个固定短语,不能变形。如:
We feel kind of cold here in the room.
在这房间里,我们感觉有点冷。
2. 【原句】June really likes action movies. 琼真地喜欢动作片。
【解析】本句中really是副词,意思是“真正地、确实”,用来修饰形容词、动词作状语,一般放在形容词、动词的前面,而real是形容词,指人或物客观存在,而不是想象或幻觉的东西。意思是“真的、真正的、正宗的”,real与“假冒”相对,在句中修饰名词作定语或单独作表语。如:
It is really hot today. 今天真热。
I really like the girl. 我真地喜欢这个女孩。
His real name is Shen Yang. 他的真名叫沈阳。
I’m not really interested in fishing. 我不是真正对钓鱼感兴趣。
I really hate him. 我非常恨他。
3. 【原句】My favorite actor is Paul Jackson.
我最喜欢的演员是保罗•杰克逊。
【解析】本句是“one’s favorite+名词”为主语,意为“某人最喜欢的……”,
其中one’s起限定作用,常用名词所有格或形容词性物主代词。如:
This is my favorite book. 这是我最爱读的书。
Oranges are my favorite fruit. 柑橘是我最喜爱的水果。
Who is your favorite teacher?谁是你最喜欢的老师?
另外,What’s one’s favorite…?常用来询问某人的喜好,该句型可与What does/do sb. like best?替换。如:
What’s Tom’s favorite sport?=What sport does Tom like best?
汤姆最喜欢什么运动?
4. 【原句】It’s a very successful thriller, but I think it’s boring.
这是部非常成功的恐怖片,但我认为很无聊。
【解析】本句中successful是形容词“成功的”,其名词形式为success(成功),副词形式为successfully(成功地),动词形式为succeed。如:
We are successful in our English study.=Our English study is successful.=We have a successful English study. 我们的英语学习非常成功。
Hard work is the key to success. 努力工作是成功的关键。
She is a very successful mother. 她是一位非常成功的母亲。
He finished the work successfully. 他成功地完成了这项工作。
“I think…”常用来发表说话人的观点或看法,后面常加宾语从句,即用一个句子作前面实义动词的宾语,我们就把这个句子称为宾语从句,及物动词think,know,say等常接宾语从句。如:I think she does well in singing.我认为她唱歌唱得好。在宾语从句中,当主句含有I/We think时,从句的否定意义应在主句上变化(即否定转移),一般疑问句也在主句上变化,从句无需变化。如:
I don’t think he can swim. 我认为他不会游泳。
Do you think I can work out the problem?
你认为我能算出这道题?
I don’t think they are right. 我认为他们是不对的。
5. 【原句】He often goes to see Beijing Opera on weekends.
他周末经常去看京剧。
【解析】on weekends“在每个周末”(周六和周日Saturday and Sunday),on the weekend意为“那个周末”,指说话双方都明白的、特定的那个周末;on weekdays指“在工作日、在平日”(指星期一至星期五from Monday to Friday)。weekend,weekday前若有this/that/next等介词on要省略。weekender指“过周末假期的人”。
6. 【原句】She thinks they are very exciting. 她认为它们很令人兴奋。
【解析】本句中exciting “令人兴奋/激动的”,它是由动词excite的现在分词演变的形容词,用于形容理智或感情方面影响他人的人或事,主动含义,主语可以是人,也可是物,在句中作表语或定语。如:
The news is exciting. 这消息激动人心。(作表语)
This is an exciting story. 这是一个动人的故事。(作定语)
7. 【原句】She often goes to see Beijing Opera with her father.
她经常和她爸爸一起去看京剧。
【解析】本句中with是介词“和……一起”。如:
Come with me. 跟我来。
He likes to live with his parents. 他喜欢和父母住在一起。
①with还表示“带有、有着”。如:
China is a country with a long history.
中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。
②with表示手段或方法,意思是“以……、用……”。如:
The boy likes to eat with a spoon. 这个男孩喜欢用勺子吃饭。
She is writing with a pen. 她用钢笔写字。
③with表示“随身携带”。如:
Have you some money with you? 你(身上)带钱了吗?
Please take an umbrella with you. 请随身带把伞去。
④with表示某物具有某种性质/状态。如:
He has a coat with four pockets. 他有一件四个口袋的外衣。
I have a book with a blue cover. 我有一本蓝色封面的书。
⑤with说明名词, 表示事物的附属部分或所具有的性质“具有、带有、加上、包括……在内”。如:
He doesn’t like tea with sugar. 他不喜欢加糖的茶水。
⑥with表示“对于、 关于” 。如:
They are friendly with us. 他们和我们关系很好。
⑦with后面加复合宾语, 表示伴随关系。如:
He walks with a stick in his hand. 他手拿拐棍走路。
跟踪训练:
1. This kind ____ apple is very big.
A. in B. at C. of D. on
2. He likes thrillers. (对划线部分提问)
____ ____ ____ movies ____ he like?
3. 用real, really填空
①It is a ____ gold watch. (金表)
②The children ____ enjoy picking apples.
③Let’s give him some ____ English food to eat.
4. What’s his favorite book? (改为同义句)
____ book ____ he ____ ____?
5. 根据答语写出问句
——____
——Her favorite subject is math.
6. Rush Hour is a ____(success) action movie. (词性填空)
7. I think they are clever. (变为否定句)
I ____ ____ they ____ clever.
8. I don’t work on the weekend. (找出划线部分的替换词)
A. Saturday and Sunday B. Saturday or Sunday
C. Saturday D. from Monday to Friday
9. (词性填空)It was an ____(excite) novel(小说).
10. 改错:I can help kids on swimming.
(十单元)
⒈ 【原句】Can you play the guitar? 你会弹吉他吗?
【解析】这是一个由情态动词can引导的一般疑问句。can表示能力,意为“会、能”,无人称和数的变化,后接动词原形,可用来构成肯定、否定、疑问句,也可用于有把握的否定推测。如:
It’s Sunday today. Mr. Li can’t be in the office.
今天是星期天,李老师不可能在办公室。
I can’t sing English songs. 我不会唱英文歌曲。
本句中play是动词“演奏、弹奏”。 play作“弹、奏”乐器,乐器前须加定冠词the(erhu二胡除外)。如:play the piano弹钢琴, play the violin 拉小提琴。
play放在球类前不加冠词the。如: play football踢足球。 play还表示“玩、做”。如: play a game做游戏,作不及物动词“玩、耍”之意时,常跟 with连用。如: Don’t play with fire. 不要玩火。
句型:play sth. on+乐器,指用某乐器演奏某乐曲;play sth. for sb.=play sb. sth. 为某人播放……。如:
She plays old Chinese songs on the guitar.
她用吉他演奏了古老的中文歌曲。
Let me play some pieces of music for you.=Let me play you some pieces of music. 我为你放几首音乐听听吧。
⒉ 【原句】I want to join the art club. 我想加入艺术俱乐部。
【解析】本句中want to do sth.“想要做某事”。want 的常用句型还有want sth.“想要某物”,want sb. to do sth. “想让某人去干某事”。如:
I want some water. 我想要些水。
I want to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。
He wants me to help him with his English. 他想让我帮他学习英语。
本句中的join表示“参加、加入”,指加入某个组织或团体,成为其成员之一,后接名词/代词。如参军、入团、入党、加入俱乐部等。join in+某活动,相当于take part in。如:
He joined the army. 他参军了。
Everyone joined in the game. 每个人都参加了游戏。
When did he join the Party? 他何时入的党?
⒊ 【原句】What club do you want to join?你想参加什么俱乐部?
【解析】本句是“What+名词+一般疑问句”结构,这类特殊疑问句,回答时要根据实际情况来回答,不用yes/no回答。what作特殊疑问词,提问的对象很广泛,既可以问人或物的身份、名字、内容、性质和类别,也可以提问事物的目的、数量、价值等。如:
What sport do you like best?你最喜欢哪种体育运动?
What kind of food do you like?你喜欢哪种食物?
What class are you in?你在哪个班?
⒋ 【原句】Are you good with kids? 你和孩子们相处得好吗?
【解析】本句中be good with sb.意思是“和……相处得很好”,同义词组get along/on well with sb.。如:
He is good with his teacher. 他和他的老师相处得很好。
He gets on well with his boss. 他和他的老板相处得很好。
kid指“小孩(口语)”,相当于child,kids是复数,相当于children。如:
How are your wife and kids? 你夫人和孩子们都好吗?
⒌ 【原句】Can you help kids with swimming?你能帮助孩子们游泳吗?
【解析】本句中help sb. with sth. 意为“帮助某人做某事”,with后接名词/动名词(动词-ing形式),同义句型:
help sb.(to)do sth.,to在此处可以省略,也可以不省略。如:
Tom often helps me learn English.=Tom often helps me with my English. 汤姆经常帮我学英语。
另外,help的其他短语有:with the help of/with one’s help“在某人的帮助下”;can’t help doing“忍不住/禁不住干……”;help oneself to随便吃/喝……。如:
With the help of the boy, she passed the exam.
在这个男孩的帮助下她通过了考试。
I can’t help crying. 我忍不住哭了。
Help yourself to some fish. 请随便吃点鱼吧!
⒍ 【原句】Tom can play the guitar but he can’t play it very well.
汤姆会弹吉他,但是他弹得不是很好。
【解析】本句中well表示“好”,good也表示“好”,但well是副词,用来修饰动词,good是形容词,用来修饰名词。
well作形容词时,仅作表语“(身体)健康的,(事情)顺利的”。well的习惯用语: do well in在……做得好, get on well with sb.与某人相处得好。如:
I am very well. 我身体很好。well(adj.)
He speaks English well. 他英语说得很好。well(adv.)
good常用在be, taste, smell, sound等系动词之后。习惯用语: have a good time过得愉快,be good at擅长于,say a good word for sb.为某人说好话, be good for对……有益。如:
This cake smells good. 这蛋糕很好吃。
She is a good girl. 她是一位好女孩。
⒎ 【原句】What can your group do in the school show?
你们小组能在学校公演中表演什么节目?
【解析】school show“学校公演”,show作名词“演出、表演、节目”。如:
a flower show花展,TV show电视节目。
We visited an art show this morning.
今天上午我们参观了一个艺术展。
show作动词有下列用法
①show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看。如:
She showed us her new sweater.=She showed her new sweater to us.
她把她的新毛衣给我们看。
②show sb.+疑问代词/副词+不定式。如:
Please show me how to do it. 请示范一下怎样做。
③show sb. around 带领某人参观。如:
He showed the students around the factory. 他领着学生参观了工厂。
④show sb. the way to… 告知某人去……的路。
⒏ 【原句】May I know your name? 我可以知道你的名字吗?
【解析】这是询问对方姓名的特殊问句,May I…表达语气委婉客气,相当于May I have your name, please? Excuse me, may I know your name? What’s your name? Your name, please?等,以上所有问句的答语常用My name is…;I’m…; You can call me…;也可以直接回答姓名。如:
——May I have your name, please? 请问你叫什么名字?
——Jet. 杰特。
⒐ 【原句】Can you play the piano, the trumpet, the drums, or the guitar? 你会弹钢琴、吹喇叭、打鼓,还是会弹吉他?
【解析】本句是选择疑问句,构成形式是一般疑问句+or+备选部分,回答时一般不用Yes/No,要根据实际情况来回答。or连接两个并列成分,or前面的成分用升调,or后的用降调,若有三个或三个以上的并列成分,or连接最后两个,前面的并列成分用逗号隔开。如:
Is your friend a boy or a girl?你的朋友是个男孩还是女孩?
Can you play football, basketball or volleyball?
你会踢足球,打篮球,还是会打排球?
跟踪训练:
1. The little girl can’t ____.
A. play the piano B. play piano
C. play a piano D. play pianos
2. 翻译:请不要和那只小狗玩。
Please don’t ____ ____ the little dog.
3. 改错:I want joining the football club.
4. Tom wants to join a music club. (对划线部分提问)
____ ____ does Tom ____ to join?
5. The old man gets on well with the kids. (改为同义句)
The old man ____ ____ ____ the kids.
6. He often helps his mother do the housework. (改为同义句)
He often ____ his mother ____ the housework.
7. This song is ____, but he can’t sing it ____.
A. good, good B. well, good C. good, well D. good, OK
8. Please show me your photo. (改为同义句)
Please ____ your photo ____ ____.
9. What’s your name, please? (改为同义句)
_________________________________
10. Is this your pen?(用Tom改为选择疑问句)
Is this your pen ____ ____?
(十一单元)
1. 【原句】What time do you usually get up? 你通常几点起床?
【解析】本句是一个询问时间的特殊疑问句。
①特殊疑问句的构成是“特殊疑问词/词组(what time, what, when…等)+do/does+主语+谓语动词+其它?(当主语是第三人称单数时使用does,其余人称用助动词do)”,若句中有can/be/would/shall等词,就不必用助动词do/does。如:
When shall we play the game? 我们什么时间比赛?
②如果疑问词或词组在句中作主语,后面则直接跟谓语动词及其它成分。如:
Who likes meat? 谁喜欢吃肉?
③特殊疑问句不能用Yes/No来回答,一般根据实际情况用简洁形式的答语。如:
——How many students are there in your class? 你们班有多少学生?
——Forty.(There are forty students.) 四十个学生。
⒉ 【原句】What time does Alicia take a shower?
阿莉亚什么时候洗澡?
【解析】本句中take a shower=have a shower“淋浴、洗澡”。英语中经常用“take a+n.”表示做一次动作。如:
take a walk散步,take a rest休息一下,take a look看一看,take a trip旅行,take a bath洗澡, take a nap小睡一会儿(午觉),take a drive乘马车,take a seat坐下。如:
My father always takes a walk after supper.
爸爸总是在晚饭后散步。
⒊ 【原句】What a funny time to eat breakfast!
这个时间吃早饭多么有趣啊!
【解析】本句是由what引导的感叹句,其结构为①What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语。本句中time是不可数名词,但time当“一段时间”讲时,前面有形容词修饰,形容词前可加冠词。如:
Have a good time!祝你玩得愉快!
What a good student he is!他是多么好的一个学生啊!
What a tall man he is!他是多么高啊!
②What+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语。如:
What good news it is!多么好的消息啊!
What beautiful pictures they are!多么美丽的图画啊!
⒋ 【原句】Can you think what his job is?
你能想想他是干什么工作的吗?
【解析】本句是一个宾语从句,what his job is作think的宾语。连接代词who, which, what, whose和连接副词where, how, why可以引导宾语,这类宾语从句都要用陈述语序。如:
He asks where she works. 他问她在哪里工作。
I don’t know what time he leaves here.
我不知道他什么时候离开这儿。
5. 【原句】Thanks for your letter. 谢谢你的来信。
【解析】Thanks for…,相当于Thank you for…“因……而感谢”,for后可接名词或动名词,即Thank you for sth.=Thank you for doing sth.。如:
Thank you for your help.=Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮助我。
本句型还可表示为Thanks a lot/very much for…非常感谢……。如:
Thanks a lot for your invitation. 多谢你的邀请。
6. 【原句】Please write soon. 请尽快回信。
【解析】此句常用于书信的结尾,提示别人尽快写回信,write后接人用write to me“给我写信”,相当于write a letter to me。write to sb.“给某人写信”=write sb. a letter=write a letter to sb.=write sb.(口语)。如:
She often writes to her teacher. 她经常给她老师写信。
She writes to her parents once a week. 她每周给父母写一封信。
跟踪训练:
1. My aunt usually has lunch at 11:00. (就划线部分提问)
____ ____ ____ your aunt usually ____ lunch?
2. She takes a shower at 5:00. (改为同义句)
She ____ ____ ____ at 5:00.
3. She is a nice girl. (改为感叹句)
____ ____ nice girl ____ ____!
4. 翻译:他去上海找工作了。
He has gone to Shanghai ____ ____ ____ a job.
5. Do you know?Where does she work?(合并为宾语从句)
Do you know where ____ ____?
6. It is seven o’clock. (就划线部分提问)
____ ____ ____ ____?
7. 翻译:非常感谢你的好意。
____ ____ ____ for your kindness.
8. Please write a letter to Tom.(改为同义句)
Please ____ ____ Tom.
(十二单元)
⒈ 【原句】——Why do you like art? 你为什么喜欢艺术?
——Because it’s fun. 因为它很有趣。
【解析】because引导原因状语从句,表示直接的原因或理由,用来回答why的提问,表示因果关系。它引导的从句一般放在主句后面,若放在前面,具有强调的意味,也可以放在主句后面。如:
——Why do you like dogs? 你为什么喜欢狗?
——Because they’re friendly and intelligent.
因为它们既友好又聪明。
We had to stay at home because it rained.
因为下雨,我们不得不待在家里。
fun为抽象名词(不可数)“高兴、乐趣、有趣的人或事”,前无冠词,fun也可作形容词“有趣的、奇妙的”。常用词组:have a lot of fun玩得很开心,have fun doing sth.表示“做某事感到有乐趣、开心”,动词用-ing形式。如:
Swimming in the sea is great fun on holiday.
假日在海里游泳是极大的乐事。
The children often have a lot of fun in the zoo.
孩子们经常在动物园玩得很开心。
We have fun climbing the mountain. 我们去爬山很开心。
2. 【原句】Our teacher is very strict and I’m usually very tired after class. 我们的老师是很严格的,课后我常常很疲倦。
【解析】strict是形容词“严格的、严厉的”。当表示某人对其他人、包括自己本身严格要求时用 be strict with,当表示某人对某事或某物严格要求时用be strict in。如:
My father is very strict with me. 爸爸对我要求很严格。
Our headmaster is strict in everything.
我们的校长对每一件事情都要求严格。
He is strict in his work. 他对他的工作要求很严格.
⒊ 【原句】It’s Tuesday, November 11. 今天是11月11日,星期二。
【解析】本句是“What’s today?” (今天是×月×号,星期×)问句的回答,询问日期有“What’s the date today?”(今天是几号?)或“What day is it today?”(今天是星期几?)。如:
——What day is it today? 今天星期几?——It’s Sunday. 星期天。
——What’s the date today? 今天是几月几号?
——It’s September 10th. Teachers’ Day. 今天是九月十号,教师节。
——What’s today? 今天几月几号星期几?
——Today is Monday, September 1st. 今天是9月1号,星期一。
4. 【原句】I have math on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
我星期一、星期三和星期五上数学。
【解析】on Monday“在星期一”,on用于具体指某一天。如:on October 1st在10月1日,on that day在那一天;某天某段时间。如:on the morning of last Sunday 在上个星期天早上,on a cold winter morning在一个很冷的冬天的早上;纪念日。如:
on your birthday在你生日那天;节日,如: on Mother’s Day在母亲节。
5. 【原句】After class I have volleyball for two hours.
课后我练习两小时的排球。
【解析】本句中have表示“上、进行、学习”。如:
We have two classes in the afternoon. 下午我们上两节课。
for+一段时间,表示“经过……之久、计、达”,用来表示某个动作或状态持续多久,与for短语相连的动词必须是延续性动词,即所表示的动作能够持续的动词。如:work,stay,study…等;for不与非延续性即不能持续的动词连用。如:come, go, die等;对for+一段时间短语提问用how long,意思是“多长时间”。如:
They will stay in Shanghai for a year. 他们将在上海待一年。
——How long do you listen to music every day?
你每天听多长时间的音乐?
——I listen to it for two hours. 我听两小时。
跟踪训练:
1. He likes English because it’s interesting. (就划线部分提问)
____ ____ he ____ English?
2. 翻译:因为天天下雨,我们不得不待在家里。
We ____ ____ stay at home ____ it rains every day.
3. 翻译:老师必须严格要求他们的学生。
Teachers must ____ ____ ____ their students.
4. 翻译:妈妈对我的书法要求很严格。
Mother ____ ____ ____ my writing.
5. ——____? ——It’s Sunday.
A. What’s the date B. What time is it
C. What day is it today D. How much is it
6. His brother was born(出生) ____ the morning of May 5th.
A. in B. on C.for D. at
7. 改错:They usually play sports at two hours every day.
Key(6)