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目的探讨超声鉴别甲状腺癌和结节性甲状腺肿的应用效果。方法选择2012年1月至2015年1月期间我院收治的甲状腺癌患者55例与结节性甲状腺肿患者65例,回顾性分析超声影像资料。观察甲状腺癌与结节性甲状腺肿的超声检出情况,甲状腺癌与结节性甲状腺肿的超声声像图特征,以及甲状腺癌与结节性甲状腺肿的阻力指数、内部血流峰值。结果甲状腺癌组55例患者中,术前超声明确检出32例(合并颈部淋巴结转移28例),疑似甲状腺癌18例,漏诊3例,误诊2例。65例结节性甲状腺肿患者中,术前超声明确检出55例,疑似7例,误诊3例。两组患者回声、边界、血流及钙化情况的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。甲状腺癌组的阻力指数及内部血流峰值显著高于结节性甲状腺肿组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论超声鉴别甲状腺癌和结节性甲状腺肿时,应密切观察结节的内部回声、边界、血流分析、有无微小钙化等指标,这对疾病诊断具有重要的意义。
Objective To investigate the application of ultrasound in the diagnosis of thyroid cancer and nodular goiter. Methods 55 cases of thyroid cancer and 65 cases of nodular goiter admitted to our hospital from January 2012 to January 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. Observe thyroid carcinoma and nodular goiter by ultrasound, thyroid carcinoma and nodular goiter ultrasonography features, as well as the resistance index of thyroid cancer and nodular goiter, the peak of internal blood flow. Results 55 cases of thyroid cancer patients, preoperative ultrasonography clearly detected in 32 cases (with cervical lymph node metastasis in 28 cases), 18 cases of suspected thyroid cancer, missed diagnosis in 3 cases, misdiagnosis in 2 cases. Of the 65 patients with nodular goiter, 55 were clearly detected by preoperative ultrasonography, 7 were suspected, and 3 were misdiagnosed. Echo, border, blood flow and calcification in the two groups were significantly different (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The resistance index and internal blood flow peak in thyroid cancer group were significantly higher than those in nodular goiter group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Ultrasound to distinguish thyroid cancer and nodular goiter should closely observe the nodules of internal echo, border, blood flow analysis, with or without microcalcification and other indicators, which is of great significance in the diagnosis of the disease.