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以290份遗传多样性丰富的玉米自交系为研究材料,探究子粒容重和营养品质的关系,对不同杂种优势群的玉米子粒容重进行多重比较,筛选各杂种优势群中容重较高的自交系。研究结果表明:不同自交系的容重差异达到极显著水平,子粒容重与脂肪含量、淀粉含量分别呈极显著、显著正相关关系,与水分含量和赖氨酸含量呈极显著负相关关系,与蛋白质含量呈显著负相关关系。通径分析表明,脂肪含量、淀粉含量、蛋白质含量、赖氨酸含量和水分含量对容重的直接作用系数分别为0.2821、0.1289、-0.0558、-0.1825和-0.3376。P群、旅大红骨、唐四平头群与兰卡斯特的子粒容重在0.05显著性水平上有统计学意义。另外,瑞德群中高容重自交系包括W222、掖8112等,兰卡斯特中高容重自交系包括W64a、P167、吉63等,P群中高容重自交系包括黄昌b、R136、陕89等,旅大红骨中高容重自交系包括农系5678、Lo415、B100等,唐四平头中高容重自交系包括黄昌a、D33A、浚926等。
Using 290 inbred lines rich in genetic diversity as the research material, the relationship between grain weight and nutritional quality was explored. The grain weight of different heterotic groups was compared by multiple comparisons, and the selfing system. The results showed that the differences in bulk density of different inbred lines reached extremely significant level. The bulk density of grain and fat content, starch content showed extremely significant and significant positive correlation, respectively. There was a significant negative correlation between the bulk density and water content and lysine content Protein content showed a significant negative correlation. Path analysis showed that the direct effect coefficients of fat content, starch content, protein content, lysine content and water content on bulk density were 0.2821, 0.1289, -0.0558, -0.1825 and -0.3376 respectively. P group, Ludahong bone, Tangsipingtang group and Lancaster grain weight at 0.05 significant level was statistically significant. In addition, the high-density inbred lines of Reid’s population included W222 and Ye 8112, and the middle and high-inbred inbred lines of Lancaster included W64a, P167 and Ji63. The inbred lines with high bulk density in P group included Huangchang b, R136 and Shan 89 and so on. The high-density inbred lines of Ludahongbudao include 5678, Lo415, B100 and so on. The high-density inbred lines of Tangsiping head include Huangchang a, D33A, Jun 926 and so on.