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从大陆法系国家刑事政策历史演进看,刑事政策理论和实践与社会文化有着极为密切的关联,社会文化构成了刑事政策诞生、选择的重要根据。启蒙运动时期人道主义理念与理性批判精神促成了现代刑事政策学科的诞生;19世纪中期后,实证主义与社会连带思想影响到社会防卫论的产生及发展;二战之后,新人道主义、人权及法治观念促进了新社会防卫运动的兴起。
Judging from the historical evolution of criminal law in civil law countries, the theory and practice of criminal policy are closely related to social culture. Social culture constitutes an important basis for the birth and selection of criminal policies. After the Enlightenment, humanitarianism and rational criticism led to the birth of modern criminal policy disciplines. After the mid-19th century, positivism and social connectedness influenced the emergence and development of social defense theory. After World War II, new humanitarianism, human rights and the rule of law The notion promoted the rise of the new social defense movement.