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目的:对客葱鳞茎、茎叶、花柱、须根4个部位的挥发性化学成分进行测定分析,为探究客葱不同部位的有效成分提供参考,为进一步开发茖葱的药用价值提供理论依据。方法:采用顶空固相微萃取(Headspace solid phase microextraction,HS-SPME)技术提取客葱4个部位的挥发油,运用气相色谱-质谱联用法(Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,GC-MS)对挥发油成分进行分析和鉴定,采用色谱峰面积归一化法确定各成分的相对含量。结果:从客葱4个部位中共分离鉴定出179种挥发性成分,共有化合物12种。从鳞茎中鉴定出甲基烯丙基二硫醚、二烯丙基二硫醚、二甲基二硫醚等57种成分,质量分数占98.94%;茎叶中鉴定出1,3-二噻烷,2-己烯醛,二甲基二硫醚等48种成分,质量分数占97.36%;花柱中鉴定出1,3-二噻烷、二甲基二硫醚等82种成分,质量分数占92.90%;须根中鉴定出二甲基二硫醚,1,3-二噻烷,二甲基三硫醚等51种成分,质量分数占85.89%。结论:茖葱4个部位挥发油的量和成分均存在一定的差异,但主要成分都为含硫化合物,含硫化合物最多的部位是鳞茎,占总含量79.75%。
OBJECTIVE: To determine and analyze the volatile chemical constituents in four parts of Onion bulb, stem and leaf, style and fibrous roots, and to provide reference for exploring the active ingredients in different parts of common onion, and to provide a theoretical basis for further developing the medicinal value of Onion. Methods: The volatile oil was extracted from four parts of Welsh onion by headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME). The volatile oil components were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Analysis and identification, the use of chromatographic peak area normalization method to determine the relative content of each component. Results: 179 kinds of volatile components were isolated and identified from 4 parts of common onion, altogether 12 kinds of compounds were identified. From the bulbs were identified 57 kinds of components such as methyl allyl disulfide, diallyl disulfide, dimethyl disulfide, the mass fraction accounted for 98.94%; stems and leaves identified 1,3-dithiocarb Alkane, 2-hexenal, dimethyl disulfide and other 48 kinds of components, the mass fraction of 97.36%; identified in the style of 1,3-dithiane, dimethyl disulfide and other 82 components, the mass fraction Accounting for 92.90%; identified in the fibrous roots of dimethyl disulfide, 1,3-dithiane, dimethyl trisulfide and other 51 kinds of components, the mass fraction of 85.89%. CONCLUSION: There are some differences in the amount and composition of volatile oil in the four parts of Zanthoxylum nitidum, but the main components are all sulfur compounds, and the most sulfur-containing compounds are bulbs, accounting for 79.75% of the total.