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目的探讨HIV职业暴露风险认知对医务人员的相关态度和行为意向的影响。方法采用便利抽样的方法,用自行设计的HIV职业暴露风险认知问卷对武汉市5所医院的在职医务人员进行匿名问卷调查,应用AMOS18对数据进行结构方程模型分析。结果风险认知对态度的总体影响系数为-0.56,其中影响程度认知为直接影响,大小为-0.36,可能性认知和严重性认知均为间接影响,大小分别为-0.11、-0.09;风险认知对行为意向是通过影响态度产生间接影响,间接影响系数为-0.20;自我效能对风险认知、态度和行为意向均有影响,总体的影响系数分别为-0.51,0.33,0.61。结论 HIV职业暴露风险认知对医务人员的态度和行为意向均有负向影响,自我效能能降低医务人员HIV职业暴露的风险认知水平,应提高医务人员采取正向的态度和行为意向的可能性。
Objective To explore the influence of cognition of occupational exposure to HIV on the attitudes and behavioral intentions of medical staff. Methods Using the method of convenience sampling, the self-designed HIV occupational exposure risk questionnaire was used to conduct anonymous questionnaire survey among the employed medical staffs in the five hospitals in Wuhan. The AMOS18 data were used to analyze the structural equation model. Results The overall impact coefficient of risk cognition on attitudes was -0.56, of which the perceived impact was directly influenced by the size of -0.36, and the probability of perceived and perceived severity were both indirectly affected by the magnitude of -0.11, -0.09 ; The risk cognition has an indirect influence on the behavioral intention through the influence attitude, the indirect influence coefficient is -0.20; the self-efficacy has an impact on risk cognition, attitude and behavior intention, and the overall impact coefficient is -0.51, 0.33, 0.61 respectively. Conclusion Cognition of occupational exposure to HIV has a negative impact on attitudes and attitudes towards medical staff. Self-efficacy can reduce the level of cognitive risk of HIV-related occupational exposures among medical staff and should increase the positive attitude and behavior intentions of medical staff Sex.