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长期以来,关于周代礼制中涉及丧制程序中的具体实施情况,学者们针对相关文献记载争论不休,但大多停留在文字诠释阶段,说法不一。本文以马王堆一、三号汉墓出土的实际状况为例,尤其是尸体包裹情况的剖析,就马王堆墓主人的丧礼程序与大小敛时的敛服问题,提出自己的看法。总体来看,汉初的丧葬礼仪程序与周礼基本一致,只是具体处理细节上存在不同;小敛的衣物包裹在尸体之上,大敛之服则随其他明器一起陪葬,但大敛之服不在遣策中记录,不属于陪葬的明器范畴。
For a long time, there are many arguments about the specific practice of the funeral process in the rituals of the Zhou dynasty. However, scholars often stop arguing in the related literatures. This article takes Mawangdui No.1 and No.3 unearthed Han tombs as an example, especially the analysis of the body parcels, and puts forward my own views on the funeral procedures and the convergent service of Mawangdui tomb masters. Overall, the procedure of funeral ritual in the early Han Dynasty was basically the same as that of Zhou Dynasty, except that there were differences in the details of the handling. The clothes wrapped in the small body were above the body, while the clothes in the big captivity were buried along with other planks, Clothes are not recorded in the policy, do not belong to the category of sacrificial arches.