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目的探讨系膜细胞α－平滑肌肌动蛋白（α－ＳＭＡ）表达与细胞表型变化的关系。方法应用免疫组化技术并结合计算机图像分析，检测人类系膜增殖性肾小球肾炎（ＭｓＰＧＮ）及局灶节段硬化性肾炎（ＦＳＧＮ）时系膜细胞内α－ＳＭＡ的表达程度、系膜细胞增殖和细胞外基质分泌的情况。结果在系膜增殖性肾炎，随着系膜细胞增殖程度的加重，细胞外基质积聚增多，α－ＳＭＡ的表达程度也增加，三者呈平行变化并具有高度相关性。在出现硬化病变后，系膜细胞增殖下降，α－ＳＭＡ表达也降低，但细胞外基质未见减少。结论α－ＳＭＡ可作为人类肾小球疾病状态下系膜细胞表型转化的稳定标志，它的出现标志着系膜细胞被激活并处于增殖／分泌表型
Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and cell phenotype in mesangial cells. Methods Immunohistochemistry and computer image analysis were used to detect the expression of α-SMA in human mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) and focal segmental nephritis (FSGN) Cell proliferation and extracellular matrix secretion. Results In mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis, as the mesangial cells proliferated, the accumulation of extracellular matrix increased and the expression of α-SMA increased. There was a high degree of correlation between them. After sclerosis, mesangial cell proliferation decreased, α-SMA expression also decreased, but no decrease in the extracellular matrix. Conclusion α-SMA can be used as a stable marker of mesangial cell phenotype transformation in human glomerular diseases, and its appearance indicates that mesangial cells are activated and are in a proliferative / secretory phenotype