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目的:婴幼儿胸锁乳突肌假性肿瘤和先天性斜颈的超声表现较复杂,而且随年龄变化。为了探讨超声与临床变化的病理基础,本研究进行回声强度、病理特点与临床表现的比较研究。方法:32例患儿,其中14例有肿块,18例无肿块,检测两侧胸锁乳突肌回声、前后径及左右径,切除病变组织行光镜和电镜检查。结果:电镜发现增生的间质中有肌母细胞存在,这可能是该病超声及临床多种转归的原因。结论:揭示肌纤维化是引起回声变化的主要原因。相关分析显示病侧肌组织厚度(F=-0.86、P<0.05)、年龄(F=2.86、P<0.05)和纤维组织的比例(F=1.86、P<0.05)明显影响回声强度。阐明超声是本病诊断、随访有用工具。
OBJECTIVE: Sonographic manifestations of sternocleidomastoid and congenital torticollis in infants and young children are more complicated and vary with age. In order to explore the pathological basis of ultrasound and clinical changes, this study compared the echo intensity, pathological features and clinical manifestations. Methods: 32 cases of children, including 14 cases of lumps, 18 cases without lumps, sternocleidomastoid muscle echo, anteroposterior diameter and left and right diameter of the lesion on both sides, removal of lesion under light and electron microscopy. RESULTS: Electron microscopy showed the presence of myoblasts in the interstitial hyperplasia, which may be the reason for the multiple ultrasound and clinical outcomes of the disease. Conclusion: It is revealed that muscle fibrosis is the main cause of echogenic changes. Correlation analysis showed that the thickness of diseased muscle tissue (F = -0.86, P <0.05), age (F = 2.86, P <0.05) and fibrous tissue ratio (F = 1.86, P <0.05) significantly affected the echo intensity. Elucidation of ultrasound is the diagnosis of this disease, follow-up useful tool.