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东欧和第三世界国家经历的民主化进 程并不相同,而是在一定程度上分别取决于由此演变而来的制度的类型。这些国家经历不同的民主化时,必须决定如何处理从前政权继承下来的公务员。新的民主政权的领导人对此可以有多种选择方案,最终仍然无非是或则认为现有的公务员对新政权足够忠诚而加以接受,或者强迫他们离职。同样,公务员自己也须对此做出选择:是为新政权忠诚服务抑或是企图颠覆或消极怠工?双方所选择的策略及其对对方所采取的策略的正确估价,均于新政权的成功至关重要。本文就如何理解这两组人的互动关系和这些互动关系的含义提供了一个分析性模式。
The process of democratization experienced by the countries of Eastern Europe and the third world is not the same, but rather to a certain extent dependent on the type of system that has evolved. When these countries experience different democratization, they must decide what to do with civil servants inherited from the former regime. The leaders of the new democratic regime can have a wide range of options for this. Ultimately, they still have nothing to do with it or think that existing civil servants are accepting them with enough loyalty to the new regime or compelling them to leave. In the same way, civil servants themselves have to make a choice as to whether they should serve the new regime loyally or attempt to subvert or neglect them. Both the strategy chosen by the two parties and the correct assessment of the strategy adopted by the other party are based on the success of the new regime Important. This article provides an analytical model on how to understand the interaction between these two groups and the implications of these interactions.