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目的对2005年10月湖南省湘潭市湘潭县发生的一名不明原因肺炎病例进行实验室检测,以确定导致该病例的主要病因。方法采集病例呼吸道标本以及血清标本,对呼吸道标本利用分子鉴别诊断技术以及RT-PCR和实时荧光定量RT-PCR检测病毒核酸;通过血凝抑制试验以及微量中和试验检测血清中的特异性抗体。结果该病例所有的呼吸道标本H5N1病毒特异性核酸及病毒分离均为阴性。红细胞凝集抑制及微量中和实验显示,恢复期血清较急性期血清H5N1特异性抗体阳转并且有4倍以上增高。结论通过实验室检测结果分析,该病例为中国大陆第一例人感染高致病性禽流感病毒(H5N1)实验室确诊病例。
Objective To conduct a laboratory test on an unexplained pneumonia that occurred in Xiangtan County, Xiangtan City, Hunan Province in October 2005 to determine the major causes of this disease. Methods Respiratory specimens and serum samples were collected. Respiratory specimens were detected by molecular differential diagnosis, RT-PCR and real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR for detection of virus nucleic acids. Serum specific antibodies were detected by hemagglutination inhibition test and micro-neutralization test. Results All cases of respiratory specimens H5N1 virus-specific nucleic acid and virus isolation were negative. Erythrocyte agglutination inhibition and micro-neutralization experiments showed that convalescent sera were more positive than H5N1-specific antibodies in the acute phase and were more than 4-fold higher. Conclusion According to laboratory test results, this case was the first case of laboratory confirmed human infection with H5N1 in mainland China.