This study was designed to explore the clinical effect of artificial nerve canal for peripheral nerve repair.This study recruited 100 patients with peripheral nerve injury hospitalized in the Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University of China.All patients received anastomosis to bridge small-gap peripheral nerve defects using artificial nerve canals and were followed for 1-2 years after operation for assessing clinical effects.The muscular tension of extensor digitorum controlled by injured nerve recovered to grade Ⅲ,flexor recovered to grade Ⅳ or Ⅴ,cutaneous sensation controlled by injured nerve recovered to S3+ or S4,and mild denervation were detected by electrophysiology in patients receiving artificial nerve canal treatment.Our results suggest that the clinical effects of artificial nerve canals in the repair of peripheral nerve defects are good.The artificial nerve canal has the following advantages: (1) Can directly prevent against injury and adherence again after operation because of its characteristics of isolation,pressure resistance and non-deformation.(2) Can be used for the repair of most types of nerve injury due to simple operation and definite effects.(3) Can be used as a very good bridging material for repairing nerve defect,especially for small-gap (< 1.5 cm) peripheral nerve defects.