Cold stress is an important environmental factor that inhibits growth and development of plants, limits geographical distribution of many species, and reduces agricultural productivity.Chorispora bungeana (Brassicaceae) is a representative alpine-subnival plant that can survive chilling, even freezing, temperatures and frequent temperature fluctuations.However, C.bungeana does not possess special morphological characteristics to prevent chilling damage.We attempt to reveal the chilling and freezing-tolerance mechanisms of this plant from the molecular level.Using the methods of suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH), cDNA array and two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), a number of cold-responsive genes and proteins were identified from C.