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明清鼎革,士人的身心受到巨大冲击,一批学者在痛定思痛后反思明亡教训,倡导和回归经学要旨。他们高举经学大旗反对理学空谈误国,提出经道合一的救世理念。在这样的经学视域下,清初《尚书》学,无论是以《书经传说汇纂》为代表的官方《尚书》学,还是以阎若璩为代表的辨伪派《尚书》学,及以毛奇龄为首的证实派《尚书》学和王夫之的《尚书》学,均重视考辨与义理的关系,他们在史料的辨伪中探寻《尚书》的经学价值。
In the Ming and Qing dynasties, intellectuals and scholars suffered a tremendous impact on their bodies and minds. A group of scholars, after painstakingly thinking about their experiences and lessons, started to rebuild their lessons and advocated and returned to the essence of their studies. They hold high the banner of classics and oppose neo-Confucianism to talk about the wrong country and propose the concept of salvation through the unity of the two languages. Under this view of Confucian classics, the study of Shangshu in the early Qing Dynasty, whether it is the official “Shangshu” learning represented by the “Book of legends” or the “Shangshu” learning represented by Yan Ruoyun, Mao Qiling-led school confirmed the “Shangshu” school and Wang Fuzhi’s “Shangshu” study, both emphasis on the relationship between the test and the doctrine, they explore the historical data in the “Shangshu” by the value of the classics.