Titanium as one kind of biomaterials come in direct contact with the body,making evaluation of biocompatibility an important aspect to biomaterials development.While implants were traditionally allowed to “osseointegrate” over several months without carrying load,clinical and experimental data show that prostheses with roughened surfaces allow successful integration when subject to earlier loading and more challenging implant sites.However,to design implant surfaces for an optimal biological response requires an understanding of the mechanism by which roughened surfaces promote osseointegration.