Temporal dynamics of neural activity are fundamental for information processing and communication in nervous system and may be important for many brain functions.Recent studies have suggested that temporal dynamics of neural synchrony in many brain regions, including prefrontal cortex (PFC), can be modified in cognitive behaviors, such as selective attention and working memory.However, little is known about the mechanism underlying such modification.Recent studies have revealed the importance of single neurons in brain functions.High frequency spiking of single neurons in motor and somatosensory cortex has been demonstrated to be able to initiate whisker movement and let to behaviorally reportable effects on perception, respectively.Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that burst spiking of single neurons can lead to switching of global brain states.Recently, it has been demonstrated that one extra spike from single neurons can elicit detectable effects on firing rates of neurons in local network.