汉语和日语中都存在“名词谓语句”这一类句式,二者既有相同点又有不同之处。以往的研究都集中在日语名词谓语句与汉语“是”字句的对比分析上,很少关注两种语言中名词谓语句的异同。本文从意义用法和句法结构入手,对两种语言中的名词谓语句进行了对比分析。结果发现汉日语的名词谓语句都可以表示“等同关系”“从属关系”“性质”“状态”“事件”等,但是汉语名词谓语句的使用范围小于日语名词谓语句。汉日语名词谓语句存在对应关系的基础是两种句式都构成了“主题—说明”式结构,但是汉语名词谓语句多用于口语中,偏向于描写,而日语名词谓语句没有这方面的倾向。日语名词谓语句有判断词「ダ」作为谓语的标志,而汉语名词谓语句没有这种标志。语体色彩的差异和判断词的有无导致了汉语名词谓语句只能与一部分日语名词谓语句对应。 Both Chinese and Japanese have “nouns predicative sentences” which have similarities and differences. Previous studies have focused on the comparative analysis of Japanese nouns predicates and Chinese “yes ” ones, with little attention paid to the similarities and differences between noun predicates in the two languages. This article starts with the meaning usage and syntactic structure, and makes a contrastive analysis of noun predicate in two languages. The results show that both Chinese and Japanese nouns can express “equivalence relation” “subordinate relationship ” “nature ” “status ” “event ”, but the use of Chinese nouns predicates is less than that of Japanese Nominal predicate. The basis of the correspondence between Chinese and Japanese nouns predicate is that both of the two kinds of sentences form the “subject - explanation ” type structure, but the Chinese nouns are mostly used in spoken language, preferring to describe, whereas Japanese nominal predicates do not have this aspect Propensity. The Japanese noun predicate has the judgment word 「ダ」 as the sign of the predicate, while the Chinese noun predicate does not have this sign. Differences in stylistic color and the presence or absence of judgments lead to the Chinese nouns predicate corresponding only to a portion of Japanese nouns predicates.