新疆准噶尔盆地东北缘上石炭统石钱滩组珊瑚化石丰富。本文系统描述了采自奇台县石钱滩-双井子一带石钱滩组珊瑚化石15属26种(包括1个亚种,1个新种,3个未定种),分别为:Lophophyllidium pendulum(Grabau),Lophophyllidium treaseptatum Zeng,Zaphrentites parallella Carruthers,Zaphrentites sp.,Metriophyllum xinjiangense Zeng,Bradyphyllum bellicostatum Grabau,Amplexus crassoseptatus Zeng,Cyathaxonia sp.,Multithecopora junggarensis Wang,Bothrophyllum conicum(Fischer)Trautschold,B.shuangjingziense sp.nov.,B.pulchellum Zeng,Caninophyllum shuangjingziense Zeng,C.yui Wang,Timania schmidti Stuckenberg,T.dongjunggarensis Zeng,T.pseudotimanoides Zeng,T.dongjunggarense crassoseptata Zeng,Pseudotimania mosquensis Dobrolyubova et Kabakovich,Gshelia minor Zeng,G.qitaiensis Zeng,Sidleckia bjornoyana Fedorowski,Caninia breviseptata Cai,C.terrai Schindewolf,C.sp.,Pseudozaphrentoides mapingensis(Lee et Yu)。结合系统切片内容讨论Caninophyllum与Bothrophyllum属。Caninophyllum在个体发生的早期阶段,轴连隔壁便分离为主隔壁及对隔壁,成年期主隔壁缩短,对隔壁与相邻的其它一级隔壁等长。在Bothrophyllum中,轴连隔壁持续存在到个体成熟早期。对隔壁与相邻的其它一级隔壁等长或较其余一级隔壁长。石钱滩风景区一带石钱滩组产出Zaphrentites-Lophophyllidium-Multithecopora珊瑚组合,生态位属于底栖组合BA2下部至BA3上部,大致相当于滨岸带至局限台地,为水体浑浊、基底较软、浅水低能的闭塞环境。双井子一带石钱滩组产出Caninophyllum-Bothrophyllum-Timania珊瑚组合,生态位属于底栖组合BA3,可能为适于大量生物繁衍的开阔浅海,水动能较强。