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通过对黑粘土持水性能、饱和导水性能、团聚体水稳性、土壤胀缩性能的观察与研究，分析了黑粘土“旱、涝、僵、瘦”的原因。据此提出了几点改良措施：１．建设和完善排水系统，这是黑粘土地区农业生产的基本保证；２．充分利用当地丰富的水资源，大力发展作物补充灌溉，这是黑粘土地区作物稳产增产的必要条件；３．大力施用有机肥，包括过腹还田，提高土壤肥力，这是改善黑粘土不良水分物理特性的根本措施。
Through the observation and study on water holding capacity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, water stability of aggregate and soil shrinkage and shrinkage, the causes of black clay “drought, flood, stiff and thin” were analyzed. Here are some improvements: 1. Construction and improvement of drainage system, which is the basic guarantee of agricultural production in black clay area; Making full use of the abundant local water resources and vigorously developing crop supplementary irrigation are the necessary conditions for a steady crop yield increase in black clay areas; Strong application of organic fertilizer, including belly to soil, improve soil fertility, which is the fundamental measure to improve the physical properties of bad water of black clay.