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外泌体(exosomes)是细胞内源性的小囊泡，大多数哺乳动物细胞在正常及病理状态下均可分泌外泌体。外泌体已成为细胞间通讯的重要介质，用于传递膜和细胞溶质蛋白、脂质和RNA的载体。近年来，小干扰RNA(small interfering RNA, siRNA)已经成为病理生理疾病治疗的潜在选择，但是不良的生物利用度限制了其治疗潜力。为了实现RNA药物的治疗潜力，必须开发有效的、组织特异性的和非免疫原性的递送技术。目前已经研究了几种载体，其中外泌体被认为是有效递送siRNA的可行的载体，这里将主要对外泌体及外泌体能作为siRNA递送的天然载体进行概述。“,”Exosomes are endogenous small vesicles of cells, and most mammalian cells secrete exosomes under normal and pathological conditions. Exosomes have become an important mediator of intercellular communication, acting as a carrier between membrane and cytosolic proteins, lipids and RNA cells. In recent years, small interfering RNA(siRNA) has become a promising therapeutic option for pathophysiological diseases, but poor bioavailability limits its therapeutic potential. To realize the therapeutic potential of RNA drugs, efficient, tissue-specific and nonimmunogenic delivery technologies must be developed. Several carriers have been investigated in which exosomes can be considered as promising carriers for efficient delivery of siRNA. The present review focuses on delivering knowledge about exosomes, siRNA, and capability of exosomes to act as natural carriers for siRNA delivery.