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强震的灾害范围是非常重要的地震学参数,它在地震灾害快速评估、地震保险及防震减灾等方面有着广泛的应用。本文全面、系统地收集了中国大陆宏观等震线资料,对没有地理坐标的等震线进行了数字化。精确计算了从1303年至1994年共183次强震的灾害范围(包括烈度异常区的面积),并对误差因素进行了分析。统计分析了强震灾害范围随烈度或随震级的变化趋势。初步探讨了地震灾害范围的分区特征,发现在同等情况下(相同震级档、相同烈度),华北地区的灾害范围要大于西南地区,与西北地区总体水平相近。
The scope of strong earthquakes is a very important seismological parameter. It is widely used in the rapid assessment of earthquake disasters, earthquake insurance and earthquake prevention and disaster mitigation. This paper comprehensively and systematically collected the macroscopic isoseismic data in the Chinese mainland and digitized the isoseismic lines without geographical coordinates. The disastrous range of 183 strong earthquakes (including the area of anomalous intensity area) from 1303 to 1994 was accurately calculated and the error factor was analyzed. The trend of strong earthquake disaster range with intensity or magnitude is statistically analyzed. The regional characteristics of the earthquake disaster area are discussed preliminarily. It is found that the disaster area in North China is greater than that in the southwest in the same situation (the same magnitude and same intensity), which is close to the general level in the northwest.