一、问题的提出在与一些农村小学数学教师接触中,发现他们普遍感到困惑,自己整天忙于上课,批改作业,课余辅导,可这些劳动常常是事倍功半,他们感叹农村学生呆板、不活跃,比不上城市学生,教来教去还是白费劲。许多教师很想了解学生学习数学的能力究竟有多强?他们反映,农村小学生中,特别是一些成绩较差的学生,简单的基础知识掌握得还可以,但数学能力方面的题目根本无法理解。而大部分学生,平时上课还认为学的可以,可一到考试就砸了。由此我们感到,当前迫切需要对农村小学生数学能力的研究。为此,我们对某乡三、四年级学生的 First, the issue put forward In some rural primary school mathematics teachers in contact, found that they are generally confused, they are busy all day classes, correcting homework, after-school counseling, but these labors are often less effective, they lamented rural students stiff, inactive than Not urban students, to teach to teach or to spare time. Many teachers would like to know how strong students are in learning math. They report that rural primary students, especially those with poor grades, can grasp simple basic knowledge but can not understand the math problems. Most students, usually class also think that learning can be smashed on the exam. From this we feel that there is an urgent need to study the mathematics ability of rural pupils. To this end, we are a rural third and fourth grade students