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目的了解柳州市吸毒人群状况,探讨在吸毒人群中开展针具交换和美沙酮维持治疗对预防艾滋病传播的可行性。方法通过艾滋病自愿咨询检测、在社区内开展美沙酮维持治疗、清洁针具交换和针具回收及公安机关配合戒毒所开展健康教育关爱支持等措施。结果柳州市吸毒人群干预后艾滋病传播危险性降低,共用针具大幅度下降,艾滋病感染率从2000年的24.88%下降到2008年的13.10%。结论在吸毒人群中开展美沙酮维持治疗、清洁针具交换有利于提高吸毒者预防艾滋病的能力,改变HIV感染各种危险行为,控制艾滋病蔓延和传播。
Objective To understand the status of drug addicts in Liuzhou and to explore the feasibility of needle exchange and methadone maintenance treatment to prevent the spread of AIDS in drug addicts. Methods Voluntary counseling and testing of HIV / AIDS, methadone maintenance treatment in the community, exchange of clean needles and recovery of needles, coordination of public security agencies and detoxification centers in support of health education and care were carried out. Results The risk of AIDS transmission among drug addicts in Liuzhou decreased after the intervention. The number of sharing needles dropped sharply. The HIV infection rate dropped from 24.88% in 2000 to 13.10% in 2008. Conclusions Methadone maintenance treatment among drug addicts and the exchange of clean needles can improve the ability of drug users to prevent AIDS, change dangerous behaviors of HIV infection and control the spread and spread of AIDS.