本文旨在探讨英语词汇系统构造的一个侧面:语义——功能变异。这可以理解为一种派生性过程,类似于词类转换法,但是它出现在词类的次类层次。通过这种方法,一个词汇单位转属一新的语义——功能次类,而在保留词义成分的同时获得新范畴的语义特征。由此产生的一个词位的语义——功能变体在话语中则起不同的作用。本文分节讨论了这种变异的不同层次。由于语义——功能变异在很多情况下被词典编纂者和语法学家们所忽略,它给那些想掌握英语词汇功能 This article aims to explore one aspect of the construction of English vocabulary systems: semantic-functional variation. This can be understood as a derivative process, similar to the part-of-speech conversion method, but it appears at the sub-class level of the part-of-speech. In this way, a lexical unit belongs to a new semantic-functional sub-category, and semantic features of the new category are obtained while preserving the semantic components. The resulting semantic-functional variant of a lexicon plays a different role in discourse. This section discusses the different levels of this variation. Because semantic-functional variations are often overlooked by lexicographers and grammarians, it gives those who want to master English vocabulary