冰坝是一种危害性很大的自然灾害．冰坝出现时，常常造成河道堵塞，壅高上游水位，使河水出槽，冰排上岸．“９４．４”松花江佳木斯冰坝水位壅高达历史同期最高水位，冰坝使佳木斯城区１４７艘船只撞向岸边，损坏６７艘，其中３艘沉入江底，冲毁护岸，淹没土地，损失达１７００万元．研究冰坝的发生、发展规律，利于及早预测，努力避免或减少损失。 Ice dam is a great danger of natural disasters. Ice dam appears, often resulting in river blockage, high water level upstream, so that the river out of trough, ice row ashore. “94.4” Jiamusi ice dam water level in Songhua River Up to the highest level in history over the same period, the ice dam hit 147 ships in Jiamusi city area, destroying 67 ships, of which 3 were sunk into the river bank, destroying revetments and flooding land, Loss of 17 million yuan. Studying the occurrence and development of ice dam, which is conducive to early prediction and efforts to avoid or reduce losses.