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一、缩瞳药(一)毛果芸香碱(Pilocarpine):自从19世纪70年代初期,毛果芸香碱被应用于临床以来,其缩瞳作用仍然是治疗青光眼的主要方面。它诚然能降低大多数青光眼的眼压水平,但其所伴有的副作用,会给某些病人带来不良反应。为了使病人得到最大的治疗效果和减少其副作用,必须遵守以下原则:治疗前,必须先让病人了解药物的作用和副作用,帮助他们制订用药的时间,防止过量,应以能达到治疗目的的最低剂量为准绳。告知正确的用药方法,每次一滴即可,保证要滴到下穹窿的结膜囊内,并不使滴管与下睑接触,同时应按住泪囊部,以减少药物通过鼻粘膜吸收到全身,如果要同时滴几种药物,则每一种药物应间隔10分钟,时间过短,会使前一种药物被后者冲掉。
First, the miotic medicine (A) of pilocarpine (Pilocarpine): Since the early 1870s, pilocarpine has been applied to clinical, its miosis is still the main aspect of the treatment of glaucoma. It can, of course, reduce the intraocular pressure in most glaucoma, but its associated side effects can cause adverse reactions in some patients. In order to maximize patient outcomes and reduce their side effects, the following guidelines must be adhered to: The patient must be informed of the effects and side effects of the medication prior to treatment, to help them develop their medication over time, and should be administered in the lowest possible dosage The dose is the standard. Inform the correct method of medication, each drop can be guaranteed to be dripping into the conjunctival sac of the inferior fornix, the eyelid does not make contact with the lower eyelid, and should hold the dacryocyst part, to reduce the absorption of drugs through the nasal mucosa to the whole body , If you want to drop several drugs at the same time, each drug should be 10 minutes apart, the time is too short, will make the former drug was washed away by the latter.