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一、引言 挡土墙后土体滑裂面及土压力现今仍广泛采用库仑及朗肯平面假定的方法。众所周知,对无粘性土的主动土压力朗肯平面假定所得值偏大,而库仑的结果则又偏小。但对被动土压力,朗肯所得值过小,而库仑的结果则又过大,以致不能为实践所采用。文献[1—4]介绍了粘性土平面假定下主动土压力计算方法。近代土力学已肯定即使是无粘性土滑裂面也是曲面,因此再用平面去处理粘性土已不十分恰当,对粘性土的被动土压力用平面处理则更失去实用意义。鉴于土压力仍存在上述不足之处,故仍有探讨的必要,这就是本文研究的目的。
I. INTRODUCTION Coulomb and Rankine plane hypotheses are still widely used today for the slippery surface and soil pressure behind retaining walls. It is well known that the Rankine plane of active earth pressure for cohesive-free soil assumes that the resulting value is large, while Coulomb’s results are small. But for passive earth pressure, Rankine’s value is too small, and Coulomb’s result is too large to be adopted by practice. The paper [1–4] introduced the calculation method of active earth pressure under the assumption of cohesive soil plane. Modern soil mechanics has confirmed that even a slippery surface of cohesive-free soil is a curved surface. Therefore, it is not very appropriate to use a plane to deal with cohesive soil, and the passive earth pressure of cohesive soil is even less useful for plane treatment. In view of the above-mentioned inadequacies of earth pressure, it is still necessary to discuss this. This is the purpose of this study.