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在孔子的教育活动中,他的因材施教、启发教学是与他的有教无类理念相适应的。同时,孔子的因材施教、启发教学又是以他的言行观为理论基础的。教育教学需要言语的正确理解和语言的准确表达;言语与政治互动互渗,在社会中具有重要作用。因此,言语教学在孔子教育体系中处于中心地位。之所以孔子在教学中要求文以言志,是因为孔子的言语教学是为他的启发教育服务的。这一作文教学理念形成的社会背景和当今中学作文教学理念形成的社会背景相似。
In his educational activities, Confucius taught himself in accordance with his aptitude, which inspired his teaching to be compatible with his teachings. At the same time, Confucius taught according to aptitude, and inspired teaching is based on his theory of words and deeds. Education and teaching need to correctly understand the language and language accurate expression; interactive speech and political infiltration, in society has an important role. Therefore, the teaching of speech is at the center of Confucius education system. The reason Confucius asks for rhetoric in teaching is that Confucius’ teaching of language serves his inspirational education. The social background formed by this writing teaching philosophy is similar to the social background formed by today’s high school writing teaching philosophy.