论文部分内容阅读
澳大利亚的土地评价和监测系统（尤其与开矿后生态系统恢复相关）广泛运用蚂蚁作为生物指标。但现在对以群与生态过程的关系却了解得较少。在澳大利亚北部KaKadu地区的矿干扰区选择17个试点，研究蚂蚁种类和土壤生物量的关系。蚂蚁种类的变化幅度为：无植被区──7，无干扰区（除边缘效应外）──43。土壤微生物量的变化幅度为：19．3～134．3μg／g。蚂蚁种群的丰度与土壤微生物量成正相关（r＝0．638），高于植物种群丰度（整个植物种群的相关系数r＝0．342，树种的相关系数r＝0．499）。该发现揭示了干扰区地面上蚂蚁活动和地面下微生物分解之间的相关关系，从而证明了蚂蚁可以作为复垦成功的指标。有趣的是：如果把该区的未干扰试点加以考虑，发现蚂蚁的丰度和土壤微生物量成负相关，而不是正相关。这表明：在寻找生态变化指标时，区别干扰区生境和未干扰区生境是十分重要的。
Ants are widely used as biological indicators in Australia’s land evaluation and monitoring system, especially in relation to post-mining ecosystem restoration. However, little is known about the relationship between group and ecological processes. A total of 17 pilot trials were conducted in the mine disturbance area of Ka Kadu district in northern Australia to study the relationship between the species of ants and soil biomass. Ants species range of change: no vegetation area ─ ─ 7, no interference zone (except for the edge effect) ─ ─ 43. Soil microbial biomass changes range: 19.3 ~ 134.3μg / g. The abundance of ant population was positively correlated with soil microbial biomass (r = 0.638), which was higher than that of the plant population (r = 0.342 for the whole plant population and r = 0.499 for the tree species). This finding reveals the correlation between ant activity on the ground and microbial breakdown in the ground below the disturbance zone, thus demonstrating that ants can be used as an indicator of success in reclamation. What is interesting is that if we consider the undisturbed pilot in this area, we found that the abundance of ants is negatively correlated with the soil microbial biomass, not positively. This shows that it is very important to distinguish the habitat of disturbed and undisturbed areas when looking for indicators of ecological change.