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目的分析五种方法筛查出的人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体阳性样品与复检和确证试验结果的符合情况,为临床和自检选择筛查方法提供建议。方法将3 278份经ELISA、胶体金法、化学发光法、电化学发光法和胶体硒法筛查的阳性样品采用两种ELISA试剂复检和进行确证试验,并将结果进行比对。结果样品总体和不同初筛方法的复检和确证阳性率分别为:总体(90.1%、79.2%),ELISA(90.4%、78.0%)、胶体金法(95.3%、86.0%)、化学发光法(77.6%、68.8%)、电化学发光法(78.0%、68.5%)和胶体硒法(84.2%、76.3%)。复检后结果为双阳的样品,确证阳性率为92.6%;复检结果为单阳的样品,97.5%为确证不确定和阴性。ELISA和胶体金法筛查的自愿检测咨询(VCT)人群阳性样品的复检和确证阳性率分别超过92%和87%,两者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论建议在临床筛查和自我检测中推广使用胶体金试剂,复检使用两种试剂提高确证阳性符合率。
Objective To analyze the conformity of the positive samples of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies screened by five methods with the results of retest and confirmatory test to provide suggestions for clinical and self - selected screening methods. METHODS: A total of 3 278 positive samples screened by ELISA, colloidal gold, chemiluminescence, electrochemiluminescence and colloidal selenium methods were retested and confirmed by two ELISA reagents, and the results were compared. Results The positive rates of retesting and confirming of the whole sample and the different screening methods were as follows: total (90.1%, 79.2%), ELISA (90.4%, 78.0%), colloidal gold (95.3%, 86.0%), chemiluminescence (77.6%, 68.8%), electrochemiluminescence (78.0%, 68.5%) and colloidal selenium method (84.2%, 76.3%). The results of the double-Yang re-examination of the sample, confirmed the positive rate was 92.6%; re-examination results for the single-positive samples, 97.5% to confirm the uncertainty and negative. ELISA and colloidal gold screening of voluntary testing counseling (VCT) positive samples of the crowd the positive rate of recheck and confirm more than 92% and 87%, respectively, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusions It is recommended to promote the use of colloidal gold reagents in clinical screening and self-testing. The two reagents should be used to increase the confirmatory positive coincidence rate.