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1997年,中国确立了部分积累的养老保险制度。利用中国社会科学院经济研究所收入分配课题组2002年城镇居民调查数据,对中国养老保险制度的储蓄效应进行的经验分析表明:现收现付的养老金会在很大程度上减少居民储蓄,其替代率在70%～80%之间,而个人账户养老金对居民家庭储蓄并不存在替代效应,反而会增加居民家庭储蓄。因此,就中国目前的实际情况看,养老保险的基金积累制比现收现付制更有利于增加国民储蓄。
In 1997, China established a partially accumulated pension insurance system. Based on the survey data of urban residents of income distribution group of Institute of Economic Research, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in 2002, the empirical analysis on the saving effect of China’s pension insurance system shows that the pay-as-you-go pension will reduce the savings of residents to a great extent The replacement rate is between 70% and 80%. However, the personal account pension does not have the substitution effect on the household savings but instead increases the household savings. Therefore, judging from the current actual situation in China, the fund accumulation system of pension insurance is more conducive to increasing national saving than the current pay-as-you-go system.