管理始终具有两个层面。一方面,管理讲的是一个管理者怎样管理一个个体,即个人范畴的管理。另外一个方面,讲的是如何管理一个群体,即企业范畴的管理。相比之下,后者似乎更有趣。这里讲的是管理的结构范围。谈到管理及管理者在新的世纪面临的挑战,就必须考虑上述两个方面。新技术和年龄结构导致代沟。在未来几年,管理将会带有日益尖锐的代沟的明显特征。被管理的年轻人和处于管理地位的“老年人”之间的深层对峙在增长。 Management always has two levels. On the one hand, management is about how a manager manages an individual, that is, the management of an individual category. On the other hand, it is about how to manage a group, that is, enterprise-wide management. In contrast, the latter seems more interesting. Here is the scope of the management structure. When it comes to the challenges that management and managers face in the new century, both must be considered. New technologies and age structures lead to generation gaps. In the coming years, management will have the obvious characteristics of an increasingly sharp generation gap. The deep-seated confrontation between the young man in charge and the “senior citizen” in management is on the rise.