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目的研究苦参总黄酮(flavonoids from sophora flavescens)对醋酸铅所致雄性小鼠生精障碍的作用及其机制。方法实验分为对照组、染铅组、苦参总黄酮组及人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)组,采用灌胃醋酸铅(40 mg/kg)连续7 d建立雄性小鼠生精障碍模型,苦参总黄酮组灌胃苦参总黄酮600 mg/kg,HCG组腹腔注射HCG 500 IU/kg,连续30 d。观察雄性小鼠的精子密度、精子活力、精子畸形率,睾丸组织匀浆的Mg~(2+)-ATP酶、Ca~(2+)-ATP酶、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、山梨醇脱氢酶(SDH)活性及血清中睾酮(T)等指标,并观察睾丸组织的病理改变。结果与对照组比较,染铅组精子密度、精子活力明显降低,精子畸形率增高,睾丸组织中Mg~(2+)-ATP酶、Ca~(2+)-ATP酶、SOD及SDH活性降低、血清中T水平降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),染铅组睾丸组织苏木素-伊红(HE)染色可见生精上皮明显变薄,生精细胞层次和数量均减少,生精小管腔可见少量精子形成。与染铅组比较,苦参总黄酮组的精子密度、精子活力相应增高,精子畸形率降低,睾丸组织中Mg~(2+)-ATP、Ca~(2+)-ATP、SOD、SDH的活性增高、血清中T水平增高(P<0.05或P<0.01),HE染色显示苦参总黄酮组与染铅组比较,生精上皮增厚,生精细胞层次和数量明显增多。结论苦参总黄酮对雄性小鼠的醋酸铅所致生精障碍有一定保护作用,作用机制很可能为其通过抗氧化作用,从而影响精子发育相关的激素及能量代谢酶的水平发挥作用。
Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of flavonoids from sophora flavescens on spermatogenic disorders induced by lead acetate in male mice. Methods The experiment was divided into control group, lead group, total flavanone group and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) group. The spermatogenic disorder model was established in male mice by intragastrically administration of lead acetate (40 mg / kg) The total flavonoids of Sophora flavescens group were administrated 600 mg / kg total flavonoids of Sophora flavescens, HCI group was injected intraperitoneally with 500 IU / kg of HCG for 30 d. The sperm density, sperm motility, sperm deformity rate, Mg ~ (2 +) - ATPase, Ca ~ (2 +) - ATPase, superoxide dismutase (SOD) Alcohol dehydrogenase (SDH) activity and serum testosterone (T) and other indicators, and observe the pathological changes of testicular tissue. Results Compared with the control group, sperm motility, sperm motility and sperm motility in lead - exposed group were significantly decreased, while the sperm deformity rate was increased. The activity of Mg ~ (2 +) - ATPase, Ca ~ (2 +) - ATPase, SOD and SDH in testis were decreased (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining of the testis tissue of the lead-exposed group showed that the seminiferous epithelium became thinner and the number and size of spermatogenic cells decreased. Visible a small amount of sperm cavity formation. Compared with lead group, sperm concentration, sperm motility and sperm deformity in the total flavonoids of Sophora flavescens group were significantly decreased (P <0.05 or P <0.01). HE staining showed that compared with the lead-treated group, the spermatogenic epithelium was thickened and the number and the number of spermatogenic cells were significantly increased. Conclusion The total flavonoids of Sophora flavescens can protect the spermatogenic disorders induced by lead acetate in male mice. The mechanism may be that it exerts its anti-oxidative effects on the level of hormones and energy metabolism enzymes involved in sperm development.