急性呼吸衰竭(ARF)为各种不同的原因对肺的严重损害造成的共同结局。ARF 影响了肺的气体交换.致有严重的呼吸窘迫,低氧血症,双肺有弥散性的浸润性变化。临床上对此种情况较常用的名称为成人呼吸窘迫综合症(Adult Respiratory DistressSyndrome,ARDS),过去的报告中有许多类似名称,但不如 ARF 能概括肺损害的基本机制和治疗的主要概念。确定 ARF 必须:(1)首先从临床病史上要有严 Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) is the common outcome of severe lung damage for a variety of reasons. ARF affects the exchange of gas in the lungs, causing severe respiratory distress, hypoxemia, diffuse infiltration of the lungs. Clinically, the more common name for this condition is Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). There are many similar names in previous reports, but not as good as ARF, which summarizes the basic mechanisms of lung injury and the main concepts of treatment. To determine the ARF must: (1) first of all have strict clinical history