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根据定义计算电势差,各类参考书中对此有两方面的论述:一是求A、B两点电势差过程中,W、q各自的正、负号直接代入计算,求得的结果UAB>0,说明A点电势高于B点的电势,UAB<0,说明A点电势低于B点的电势;二是求A、B两点电势差过程中,W、q各自以绝对值代入计算,UAB的正、负号则需要依据功能关系另行判定.
Calculate the potential difference according to the definition. There are two aspects of this kind of reference in the various reference books. First, in the process of finding the potential difference between A and B, the positive and negative signs of W and q are directly substituted into the calculation. The result obtained is UAB>0. , indicating that the potential at point A is higher than the potential at point B, UAB<0, indicating that the potential at point A is lower than the potential at point B; and secondly, in the process of finding the potential difference between A and B, W and q are respectively substituted into absolute values, UAB The positive and negative signs need to be determined separately based on the functional relationship.