汽车是量大面广的耗能机械之一,汽车用油占石油消耗量的比重相当大,如美国为41％,英国28％,法国22％,西德21％,日本16％,我国为13％。在汽车运输成本中,燃料费约占30％,因此,在能源紧张的情况下,各国对汽车节能都很重视,有的国家颁布能源法和汽车油耗法规,以保护能源,强制节能。我国的石油年产量近期保持 Automobiles are one of the most energy-intensive machines in the world. Motor oil accounts for a large proportion of oil consumption, such as 41% in the United States, 28% in the United Kingdom, 22% in France, 21% in West Germany and 16% in Japan, and in China 13%. In transportation costs, fuel costs account for about 30%. Therefore, in the case of energy shortage, all countries attach great importance to automobile energy saving. Some countries have enacted energy laws and regulations on automobile fuel consumption to protect energy sources and enforce energy conservation. China’s oil production has been maintained recently