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目的研究PM_(2.5)个体暴露浓度与固定站点监测浓度的关系,以及在不同空气PM_(2.5)浓度下,个体暴露浓度与固定站点浓度比值的变化规律。方法于2014年12月—2015年1月使用PM_(2.5)个体暴露采样器对两名高校学生在19个工作日进行跟踪采样,同时收集个体跟踪采样时间段内距离学校最近的北京市空气质量监测固定站点的PM_(2.5)浓度小时值,利用所得数据分别计算每位研究对象个体暴露日均值和相应的固定站点日均值,并计算个体暴露浓度与固定站点浓度日均值的比值,并与固定站点浓度进行拟合。结果研究期间的个体暴露浓度均值(98μg/m~3)高于固定站点浓度均值(80μg/m~3)。个体暴露浓度与固定站点浓度的比值(y)与固定站点PM_(2.5)浓度的常用对数(lgx)呈负相关(y=-1.186lgx-5.464,R~2=0.47,P<0.000 1),且当固定站点浓度较低(<10μg/m~3)时,比值波动较大(2.5~12.7)。结论当PM_(2.5)固定站点监测浓度较低时,固定站点浓度与个体暴露水平差异较大,如在人群健康研究中使用PM_(2.5)固定站点监测浓度作为研究对象的暴露浓度,则有可能明显低估其真实的暴露水平。
Objective To study the relationship between PM 2.5 exposure concentration and monitoring concentration at fixed sites, and the variation of exposure concentration and fixed site concentration ratio at different concentrations of air PM 2.5. Methods From December 2014 to January 2015, PM2.5 exposure sampler was used to track two university students in 19 working days. At the same time, the air quality of Beijing city nearest to the school during the sampling period was collected. The PM2.5 concentrations of fixed sites were monitored. The data were used to calculate the average daily exposure of each individual and the corresponding daily average of fixed sites. The ratio of individual exposure concentration to daily average concentration of fixed sites was calculated and compared with the fixed Site concentration fitting. Results The average of individual exposure concentrations (98 μg / m 3) during the study period was higher than the mean (80 μg / m 3) of fixed site concentration. The ratio of the individual exposure concentration to the fixed site concentration (y) was negatively correlated with the common logarithm (lgx) of the fixed site PM 2.5 concentration (y = -1.186lgx-5.464, R 2 = 0.47, P 0.0001) , And when the concentration of fixed site is low (<10μg / m ~ 3), the ratio fluctuates greatly (2.5 ~ 12.7). Conclusion When the PM 2.5 fixed site concentration is low, the difference between the fixed site concentration and the individual exposure level is large. If the PM 2.5 fixed site monitoring concentration is used as the exposure concentration in the population health research, Clearly underestimate their true level of exposure.