分别对6061铝合金和7075铝合金材料的缺口圆棒试件和凹槽平板试件进行准静态拉伸试验,并采用ABAQUS软件对拉伸过程进行数值模拟。模拟结果与试验测试结果吻合很好,验证了有限元模型的合理性和可靠性。通过有限元模拟,分别给出了不同试件的应力三轴度和罗德参数随等效塑性应变的变化曲线以及两种材料的失效轨迹,并对它们进行了分析讨论。结果表明:形状相同、材料性质不同的试件,应力三轴度的演化规律不同;材料的失效应变受应力三轴度和罗德参数的影响,并且不同性质的材料对罗德参数的敏感性不同。 Quasi-static tensile tests were carried out on the notched round bar specimens and the grooved plate specimens of 6061 aluminum alloy and 7075 aluminum alloy respectively. The numerical simulation of the drawing process was carried out by ABAQUS software. The simulation results are in good agreement with the test results, which verify the rationality and reliability of the finite element model. Through the finite element simulation, the stress triaxiality and the Rhod parameters with the equivalent plastic strain curve of different specimens and the failure trajectory of the two materials are given respectively, and analyzed and discussed. The results show that the evolution of stress triaxiality is different for specimens of the same shape and different material properties. The failure strain of the material is affected by stress triaxiality and Rhod parameters, and the sensitivity of materials with different properties to Rhod parameters different.