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托儿所是一个不寻常的传播肺炎球菌病和脑膜炎球菌病流行病学环境。适龄入托儿童对疾病具有高罹患率,入托又导致家庭外接触,从而可能增加患病的危险性。然而,这些疾病是能够用现行的或正在研制的菌苗加以预防的,同时托儿所适于使用这些菌苗。本文将讨论在托儿所儿童中这些细菌所致疾病的危险性和菌苗接种的现状。肺炎球菌病5岁以下的儿童,肺炎球菌性脑膜炎发病率每年约为7/10万,病死率为20%。菌血症常见,Filice等估计5岁以下儿童菌血症发生率为15/10万。在此年龄组中肺炎球菌引起的最
Nurseries are an unusual epidemiological environment that transmits pneumococcal and meningococcal disease. Age-dependent children have a high rate of attack on the disease, which in turn leads to out-of-home contact, which may increase the risk of illness. However, these diseases can be prevented with current or under development vaccines, while nurseries are suitable for use with these vaccines. This article will discuss the dangers of these bacteria in nursery children and the current status of vaccination. Pneumococcal disease Children under 5 years of age, the incidence of pneumococcal meningitis is about 7 / 100,000, the case fatality rate was 20%. Bacteremia is common, Filice et al estimated that the incidence of bacteremia in children under 5 years of age was 15/10 million. In this age group caused by pneumococcus most