1基本概念1.1目录、子目录、根目录 文件是微机中信息组织的基本单位。我们知道,硬盘容量数以亿兆计,可以容纳成千上万的文件。如果将这些文件存在一起,不仅难以查找,文件同名问题也不好解决。 为了提高文件的管理效率,DOS允许在磁盘上建立不同的目录。目录就如同文件柜里的小抽屉,不同的是:目录下还可以建立目录,称为该目录的子目录,子目录的上一级目录称为它的父目录。每张磁盘上都有一个最大的目录,称为根目录。根目录包含其他所有子目录。第一个非根目录有自己的名称,目录的命名规则与文件一样,磁盘上组织形式为树型结构。根目录是树根,非根目录是树枝,文件是叶子。如下图: 1 basic concepts 1.1 directory, subdirectories, root directory file is the basic unit of information organization in the computer. We know that hundreds of millions of hard disk capacity, can accommodate tens of thousands of files. If these documents exist together, not only difficult to find documents with the same name is not a good solution. In order to improve file management efficiency, DOS allows to create different directories on the disk. Directory is like a small drawer in the file cabinet, the difference is: the directory can also create a directory called subdirectories of this directory, the subdirectory of a directory called its parent directory. Each disk has a largest directory, called the root directory. The root directory contains all other subdirectories. The first non-root directory has its own name, and the directory has the same naming convention as the file. The organization on disk is a tree structure. The root is the root, the non-root is the branch, and the file is the leaf. As shown below: