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目的了解广东省家栖鼠形动物种类构成及在不同季节的繁殖情况,为科学灭鼠提供理论依据。方法按照随机抽样的原则,每月选择1个乡镇,采取逐日捕鼠方法,实施监测和调查。同时将捕获的鼠形动物进行鉴定及解剖,观察并记录妊娠情况。结果广东省乡镇居民区鼠形动物的笼捕率平均为9.98%,其中鼠类的笼捕率为4.98%;鼠形动物种群构成比分别为褐家鼠48.73%、黄胸鼠15.50%、臭鼩鼱35.17%、小家鼠0.59%;其中褐家鼠年平均妊娠率为4.06%,平均每胎妊娠胎仔数为5.35只;黄胸鼠年平均妊娠率为5.63%,平均每胎妊娠胎仔数为2.76只;臭鼩鼱年平均妊娠率为15.00%,平均每胎妊娠胎仔数为3.32只。结论在城镇居民区褐家鼠和臭鼩鼱已成为绝对优势种,小家鼠为少见种;褐家鼠和黄胸鼠的繁殖期一年有春秋季2个高峰,其中春季的繁殖高峰超过秋季,但褐家鼠在8月还有一个小的繁殖高峰。臭鼩鼱一年四季均可繁殖,也有2个高峰,其中前峰出现在3-6月,后峰在10-11月。鼠密度也呈现春秋两季的高峰期。广东省需实施春秋两季的灭鼠。
Objective To understand the species composition of domesticated rat-type animals in Guangdong Province and their reproduction in different seasons, and provide a theoretical basis for scientific rodent control. Methods According to the principle of random sampling, a township and township was selected every month, and the method of daily rat catch was adopted to implement monitoring and investigation. At the same time, the captured rat animal was identified and dissected, and the pregnancy status was observed and recorded. Results The average cage capture rate was 9.98% in the towns and villages of Guangdong Province, among which the cage capture rate was 4.98%. The compositional ratio of the rodent animals were 48.73% of Rattus norvegicus, 15.50% of Rattus flavipectus, 35.17% of them, and Mus musculus 0.59%. The annual average pregnancy rate of Rattus norvegicus is 4.06%, the average number of litter size per litter is 5.35. The average pregnancy rate of the yellow rat is 5.63% 2.76 only; stinkbug average annual pregnancy rate of 15.00%, the average number of litter per litter was 3.32. Conclusions Rattus norvegicus and Morinda mosquitoes have become the dominant species in urban residential areas, while Mus musculus are rare species. Rattus norvegicus and Chronic Lobsia have two peaks in spring and autumn during the breeding season, with the peak of spring breeding Autumn, but Rattus norvegicus in August there is a small breeding peak. Stinkbug can breed throughout the year, there are two peaks, of which the first peak appeared in March-June, the peak in October-November. Rat density also showed the peak of spring and autumn. Guangdong province needs to implement rodent control in spring and autumn.