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目的为了解石化行业含油污泥无害化处理工程建设项目存在的职业病危害因素及其控制效果,明确职业病危害风险类别,提出职业病危害的关键控制点和职业病控制措施的建议。方法采用现场调查、职业卫生检测、职业病危害作业分级等方法进行综合分析以及定性和定量评价。结果作业人员接触氨的时间加权平均浓度<1.3 mg/m~3;甲硫醇、乙硫醇的时间加权平均浓度<0.13 mg/m~3;硫化氢短时间接触的最高浓度为0.53 mg/m~3;噪声的8 h等效声级为66.4 dB(A)及67.5 dB(A)。结论该建设项目存在的职业病危害因素主要有氨、硫化氢、甲硫醇、乙硫醇、噪声等,正常生产过程中,人员接触的职业病危害因素浓度及强度均符合职业接触限值;该项目职业病危害风险类别为严重;外操巡检岗位为职业病危害防护的关键控制点。建议加强密闭空间作业职业卫生管理;进一步加强职业卫生培训;定期进行急性中毒事故应急救援的演练,提高员工应对突发事件的能力。
OBJECTIVE To understand the occupational hazards and their control effects in the construction of oily sludge decontamination project in petrochemical industry, the risk categories of occupational hazards were clarified, and the key control points of occupational hazards and the suggestions of occupational disease control measures were put forward. Methods The methods of on-the-spot investigation, occupational health examination and occupational disease hazard classification were used for comprehensive analysis and qualitative and quantitative evaluation. Results The time weighted average exposure of workers to ammonia was <1.3 mg / m 3; the time-weighted mean concentration of methanethiol and ethanethiol was <0.13 mg / m 3; the highest concentration of hydrogen sulfide exposed to short-term exposure was 0.53 mg / m ~ 3; and the 8 h equivalent sound level of noise is 66.4 dB (A) and 67.5 dB (A). Conclusion The main occupational hazards in this project are ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, ethanethiol, noise and so on. During the normal production process, the concentration and strength of occupational hazards in personnel contact meet the occupational exposure limits. The project Occupational hazard risk category is serious; external inspection positions for occupational hazards prevention key control points. It is proposed to strengthen occupational health management in confined space operations; to further strengthen occupational health training; to conduct regular drills in emergency rescue of acute poisoning accidents and to enhance employees’ ability to cope with unexpected incidents.