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目的了解并分析2015年度我国医学应用放射工作人员职业外照射个人剂量水平,为职业性放射性疾病的预防与控制提供基础数据和科学依据。方法通过“国家卫生计生委放射工作人员职业健康管理系统-外照射个人监测管理子系统”采集我国医学应用放射工作人员职业外照射个人剂量监测结果等相关数据,并进行统计与分析。结果2015年度共采集214 860名医学应用放射工作人员的外照射个人剂量监测结果等相关数据,人均年有效剂量为0.429 mSv。其中,诊断放射学、牙科放射学、核医学、放射治疗、介入放射学和其他6类职业类别的人均年剂量分别为0.423、0.326、0.538、0.321、0.542、0.407 mSv。6种职业类别人均年有效剂量差异具有统计学意义(P<0.001),核医学和介入放射学工作人员人均年剂量均显著高于其他职业类别(P<0.05)。结论医学应用放射工作人员人均年有效剂量满足国家标准要求。核医学、介入放射工作人员受照剂量相对偏高,应进一步加强相关辐射防护措施、设施等,保护其职业健康。
Objective To understand and analyze the personal dose level of occupational exposure to medical radiation workers in China in 2015 and provide the basic data and scientific basis for the prevention and control of occupational radiation diseases. Methods Through the “National Health and Family Planning Commission radiation workers occupational health management system - external exposure personal monitoring management subsystem” to collect medical radiation workers occupational exposure to personal dose monitoring results and other relevant data, and statistical and analysis. Results In 2015, a total of 214,860 medical radiation workers were employed to monitor the individual dose of external radiation. The annual per capita effective dose was 0.429 mSv. The per capita annual doses of diagnostic radiology, dental radiology, nuclear medicine, radiotherapy, interventional radiology and other six occupational categories were 0.423, 0.326, 0.538, 0.321, 0.542 and 0.407 mSv, respectively. The annual average effective dose of six occupational groups was statistically significant (P <0.001). The annual per capita dose of nuclear medicine and interventional radiology staff was significantly higher than other occupational groups (P <0.05). Conclusion The per capita effective dose of radiation workers in medical applications meets the requirements of national standards. Nuclear medicine, interventional radiation staff exposure dose is relatively high, should further strengthen the relevant radiation protection measures, facilities, to protect their occupational health.